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Anatomy Ch. 5*
The Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| bone development begins early in human development, but it is not complete until a person is in his or her _______________ | twenties |
| a certain amount of _______________ is needed to maintain the integrity of the skeletal system | avtivity |
| human have an ___________________ | endoskeleton |
| the skeletal system is composed of ___________, ________________, _____________, and _____________ | bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons |
| the skeletal system provides ________________, _________________ and _______________ | movement, protection and shape |
| the _________________ skeleton is composed of the spine, rib cage and skull | axial |
| the ____________________skeleton is composed of the bones of the arm, hips, legs, and shoulders | appendicular |
| the _______________is composed of the crainial and facial bones | skull |
| the _________________ bones are the ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones | cranial |
| the _______________bones are the inferior nasal conchae, lacrimal, mandible, maxillary, nasal, palatine, vomer, and zygomatic bones. | frontal |
| the _________________are divided into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal bones | vertebrae |
| the _________________is composed of the ribs and sternum | rib cage |
| the _____________________of the neck is part of the axial skeleton | hyoid bone |
| the ______________________skeleton is composed of the upper and lower extremities | appendicular |
| the ______________ extremities are composed of the following bones: the carpels, clavicle, humerus, metaarpels, phalanges, radius, scapula, and ulna. | upper |
| the ________________extremities are composed of the following bones: the femur, fibula, ilium, ischium, metatarsels, phalanges, pubis, tibia, and tarsals. | lower |
| bones can be categorized by shape: ___________, _______________, ____________ and _________________ | flat, irregular, long and short |
| bones are classified by there origin in the ______________ | embryo |
| _____________bones are composed of a diaphysis, two epiphyses, and two epiphyseal lines | long |
| the marrow cavity can contain __________ or ______________ bone marrow | yellow, red |
| bone cells are called ________________ | osteocytes |
| bone matrix is made of collagen, _____________________, and the calcium mineral, ____________________ | osteocalcin, hydroxyapatite |
| bone is composed of _________________ (cortical) and __________________ (trabecular) bone. | compact, cancellous |
| joints can be categorized by their structual components. the categories are ____________________, ____________________ and _______________________ | cartilaginous, fibrous, and synovial |
| joints can also be categorized by their function. the categories are ________________, ___________________ and ________________________ | ampharthrosis, diarthrosis, and synarthrosis |
| the following are the different types of synarthoses: ball and socket, condyloid or ellipsoidal, gliding, hinge, pivot, and saddle | |
| ____________________bones form from cartilage pegs in the embryo. they usually produce long bones, and parts of irregular and short bones. | endochondral |
| endochondral bones have primary and secondary ____________________centers, and a region that produces bone collar. | ossification |
| the growth of the _________________ determines bone length | diaphysis |
| dermal bones form in ________________ membranes. | subcutaneous |
| dermal bones are mostly composed of _____________ bone with a covering of bony plates. they usually produce ________bones and parts of irregular bones | cancellous, flat |
| bone fractures can be ________________, ________________ or ____________________, ______________________ | simple, commuted or compound, and open |
| _______________ can be categorized by the shape or displacement of the fracture line. | fractures |
| bone healing involves four stages: _____________, _________________, ____________, and ___________________ | fracture, granulation, callus, and normal contour. |
| sometimes the bone healing process is classified as three phases: ______________, _________________, and _________________ | reactive, reparative, and restorative |
| __________________is a common skeletal disease that affects the joints. | arthritis |
| the types of arthritis include _______________, _____________________, ankylosing spondylitis, and juvenile arthritis | osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis |
| other diseases that affect joints are ___________, lupus, scleroderma, and ________________ | gout, fibromyalgia |
| ________________is one of the diseases of bone density loss | osteoporosis |
| ___________________is a bone marrow cancer | myeloma |
| ____________________is a bone inflammation caused by bacteria | osteomyelitis |
| ____________________is death of bone tissue caused by loss of blood flow to the osteons | osteonecrosis |
| during a person's lifetime, bone is constantly _________________ and __________________ | degraded, replaced |
| some bone aging is due to wear and tear on the _____________ and _____________ | bones, joints |
| some bone aging is due to a slowing of ____________________________ | bone tissue replacement |
| ___________________can affect bone and joint aging | lifestyle |
| changes in _____________________production contribute to skeletal aging | sex-hormone |
| skeletal aging is affected by ______________ and ______________________ | gravity and posture |
| ________________these joints permit no movement, which is typical of certain fibrous joints | synarthrosis |
| _________________a slight degree of movement can occur | amphiarthrosis |
| _________________these joints provide a variety of movements. synovial joints permit this degree of movement | diarthrosis |
| the two major types of embryological bone formation are ________________ossification and __________________ossification | endochondrial, intramembranous |
| ___________________- bone junction | articulation |
| ___________________- synovial fluid filled sac | bursa |
| ___________________- bone surface connective tissue | periostium |
| ___________________- articulates with tibia and fibula | talus |
Created by:
Lauren G.
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