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Week 1

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Question
Answer
show 6 weeks  
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show Hemoptysis  
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What is the number one cause for dyspnea?   show
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What are general causes of dyspnea other than an obstructive or restrictive lung complication?   show
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What are cardiac causes for dyspnea?   show
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show Asthma, COPD, Cystic Fibrosis, Bronchiectasis, Bronchiolitis  
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show Infections, Occupational disorders, Drugs disorders, Sarcoidosis, Kyphoscoliosis  
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What happens to each of the following in Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? VC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, RV   show
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What happens to each of the following in Restrictive Pulmonary Disease? VC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, RV   show
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What identifies a cough as productive?   show
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What are the 3 common causes of chronic cough?   show
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show Pulmonary circulation which is low pressure and develops slowly. Bronchial circulation which comes directly off the aorta has high pressure and is the cause of quick and dangerous bleeds.  
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If an individual has a hemoptysis caused by a bronchial circulation bleed roughly how much blood will be coughed up?   show
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show Pulmonary: Lung infx, Bronchitis, Small Pulmonary embolism. Bronchial: Cancer, Mycetoma, Vasculitis  
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Why don't small pulmonary embolisms cause lung infarcts?   show
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show COPD Lung Cancer Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis Desquamatous Interstitial Pulmonitis Eosinophilic Granuloma  
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What pulmonary conditions can be related to an individual's occupation?   show
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What pulmonary conditions tend to run in families?   show
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What is normal for FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC?   show
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If the FEV1/FVC ratio is less than 70% what is this indicative of?   show
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How does the right bronchus differ from the left bronchus?   show
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What makes up the acinus of the lung?   show
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What type of cells are found proximal to the respiratory bronchioles in the airways?   show
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What makes up the defense mechanism in the major airways?   show
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Type II pneumocytes produce 4 types of surfactant. What does each do?   show
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show Week 28  
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A state in which the lung, in whole or part, is collapsed or without air?   show
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show Resorption Compression Contraction Loss of surfactant (neonatal)  
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show complete airway obstruction. The distal trapped air is reabsorbed through pores of kohn leading to collapse of portion of the lung.  
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show resorption atelectasis  
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show Ipsilat. deviation of the trachia and diaphragm elevation. Absent breath sounds and vocal vibrations (tactile fremitus) in that region.  
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What is the cause of compression atelectasis?   show
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What clinical findings are associated with compression atelectasis?   show
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What are the two components of surfactant?   show
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What hormones increase surfactant production? Decrease it?   show
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show Prematurity Maternal diabetes Cesarean section (stress of vaginal birth increases cortisol which increases surfactant)  
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How do alveoli begin to appear histologically in neonatal atelectasis?   show
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show distress respiratory acidosis ground glass appearance on Xray  
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What is the danger of respiratory acidosis in neonates?   show
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show fibrotic changes (not reversible)  
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How is acute and chronic pulmonary edema differentiated histologically?   show
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What are the injuries that can result in pulmonary edema?   show
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show transudate (little protein)  
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What is the cause of ARDS?   show
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What is the prognosis of ARDS?   show
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show Neutrophils being attracted into alveoli Macrophages secreting PAF, Leukotrienes, Proteases, TNF, IL-8  
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show First 24 hours: edema First week: formation of hyaline membrane second week: interstitial inflammation and fibrosis  
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