The wars of religion in the 15th and 16th century.
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| What era did the religious wars occur? | 16th century to mid-17th century.
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| What was the counter-reformation? | A movement led by the Jesuits to bring down the Protestants.
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| What was the barogue? | An art style commonly used by catholics in the counter reformation. Some famous painters were Peter Paul Rubens and Gianlorenzo Bernini.
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| "To kill a man is not to defend a doctrine, but to kill a man." | Sebastian Castellio talking about the execution of Michael Cervantes.
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| "Look in yourself for religion, not church." | Valentin Weigel
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| What was a politique and who was the most famous politique during the time? | Elizabeth 1 of England.
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| Precursors to the religious wars | Spain trying to stop Protestantism
French Catholics vs Huguenots
Holy Roman Empire trying to re-Catholicise germany
Netherlands wanting freedom
Issues between English Puritans and Aglicans.
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| What were French Calvinists called? | Huguenots
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| What was the Edict of Fontainebleau? | put french protestants under the power of the Inquisition.
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| What was the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis? | The treaty that ended the Habsburg-Valois war. Gave short peace in Europe.
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| Battle for French Control in 1559 | After the death of Henry II, three families fought for control of england. Bourbens vs. Montmorency-Chatillons vs. [Guises <- these guys come up later]
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| Calvinism in the time | Calvin and Theodore Beza tried to spread Calvinism to aristocrats. Jeanne D. Albert and Prince of Conde were among those converted. 40-50% of nobles became calvinist during French civil wars.
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| St. Bartholomew Day Massacre | - Catherine de' Medici ruled kings.
- Henry of Guise [told-ya so] tried to kill lead Huguenot
- Catherine de' Medici didn't want to get caught [she was in on it]
- She told the king the huguenots were planning a coup
- Over 20,000 huguenots were kille
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| John Knox | Wrote "First Blast of the Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of Women"
"Father of Presbyterian"
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| "First Blast of the Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of Women" | Taking down a tyrant is a christian duty
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| Calvinists wanted a way to resist tyranny after the St. Bartholomew Day Massacre | "Franco Gallia" Francois Hotman - Estates General > King
"On the Right of Magistrates over Their Subjects" Theodore Beza - it's okay to overthrow tyrants
"Defense of Liberty against Tyrants" Philippe du Plessis Mornay - princes should overthrow king
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| Peace of Beaulieu | Gave Huguenots freedom
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| Day of the Barricades | Failed attack on Protestants
King Henry III had to flee
Killed Duke and Cardinal of Guise[their back]
King Henry had to work with Protestant Henry to take down the Catholic League
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| Henry - of Navarre - IV | Psycho friar killed Henry III
Spain - feared Protestant France
- sent help to Catholic Leage
+ Philip II wants daughter on throne
Henry - well liked
- abandoned faith to be a catholic
"Paris is worth a Mass"
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| Edict on Nantes | gave huguenots freedom again.
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| Spainish Power | Contributed to - gold from new world
- high population
- efficient military
- efficient bureaucracy
- supremacy in mediterranean
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| Set up to Revolt in Netherlands | Cardinal Granvelle's tried to reorganize netherlands
"Compromise" - decree to resist Trent and the Inquisition
Duke of Alba killed thousands of suspected heretics.
Sea Beggars preyed on Spainish Ships
Spanish Soldiers ran amok after leader was
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| Perpetual Edict, yes it gets its own card | REMOVAL OF ALL SPANISH SHIPS FROM THE NETHERLANDS WITHIN TWENTY DAYS!!!!!!!
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| England vs Spain | England beat spain in a naval war
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| Thirty Nine Articles | Made Protestantism the lead religion in England
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| Events leading up to English vs Spanish war | Elizabeth didn't marry Phillip
Sea beggars preyed on spanish ships
Killing of Mary, Queen of Scots
Excommunication of Elizabeth by Pope
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| Thirty Years War | Bohemia - (1618-1625)
Danish - (1625 - 1629)
Swedish - (1630 - 1635)
Swedish-French - (1635-1648)
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| Bohemian Period of Thirty Years War | Habsburg Ferdinand took away Protestant rights
PRotestant Nobles through messengers out window into poop
Began as nobility revolt
BAttle of White Mountain - Tilly beat Fred V
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| Danish Period of Thirty Years War | Christian iv wanted to extend borders
Christian IV got humiliated by Max.
Ferdinand hired Wallenstein
Beat out resistance enough to issue the "EDICT OF RESTITUTION"
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| Swedish Period of Thirty Years War | Gusstavus Adolphus II of Sweden became new Protestant Leader
Won Battle Of Breitenfeld - turned war around
Gustavus owned with the fire-and-charge method
Peace of Prague - Ferdinand compromised with german states
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| Swedish-French Period of Thirty Years War | Worst part of war
Lot of looting
1/3 of germans died during era
ended with Treaty of Westphalia
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| Treaty of Westphalia | ended EDICT OF RESTITUTION
Empowered the Peace of Augsburg
Calvinists finally got freedom
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