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Wars of Religion
The wars of religion in the 15th and 16th century.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What era did the religious wars occur? | 16th century to mid-17th century. |
| What was the counter-reformation? | A movement led by the Jesuits to bring down the Protestants. |
| What was the barogue? | An art style commonly used by catholics in the counter reformation. Some famous painters were Peter Paul Rubens and Gianlorenzo Bernini. |
| "To kill a man is not to defend a doctrine, but to kill a man." | Sebastian Castellio talking about the execution of Michael Cervantes. |
| "Look in yourself for religion, not church." | Valentin Weigel |
| What was a politique and who was the most famous politique during the time? | Elizabeth 1 of England. |
| Precursors to the religious wars | Spain trying to stop Protestantism French Catholics vs Huguenots Holy Roman Empire trying to re-Catholicise germany Netherlands wanting freedom Issues between English Puritans and Aglicans. |
| What were French Calvinists called? | Huguenots |
| What was the Edict of Fontainebleau? | put french protestants under the power of the Inquisition. |
| What was the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis? | The treaty that ended the Habsburg-Valois war. Gave short peace in Europe. |
| Battle for French Control in 1559 | After the death of Henry II, three families fought for control of england. Bourbens vs. Montmorency-Chatillons vs. [Guises <- these guys come up later] |
| Calvinism in the time | Calvin and Theodore Beza tried to spread Calvinism to aristocrats. Jeanne D. Albert and Prince of Conde were among those converted. 40-50% of nobles became calvinist during French civil wars. |
| St. Bartholomew Day Massacre | - Catherine de' Medici ruled kings. - Henry of Guise [told-ya so] tried to kill lead Huguenot - Catherine de' Medici didn't want to get caught [she was in on it] - She told the king the huguenots were planning a coup - Over 20,000 huguenots were kille |
| John Knox | Wrote "First Blast of the Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of Women" "Father of Presbyterian" |
| "First Blast of the Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of Women" | Taking down a tyrant is a christian duty |
| Calvinists wanted a way to resist tyranny after the St. Bartholomew Day Massacre | "Franco Gallia" Francois Hotman - Estates General > King "On the Right of Magistrates over Their Subjects" Theodore Beza - it's okay to overthrow tyrants "Defense of Liberty against Tyrants" Philippe du Plessis Mornay - princes should overthrow king |
| Peace of Beaulieu | Gave Huguenots freedom |
| Day of the Barricades | Failed attack on Protestants King Henry III had to flee Killed Duke and Cardinal of Guise[their back] King Henry had to work with Protestant Henry to take down the Catholic League |
| Henry - of Navarre - IV | Psycho friar killed Henry III Spain - feared Protestant France - sent help to Catholic Leage + Philip II wants daughter on throne Henry - well liked - abandoned faith to be a catholic "Paris is worth a Mass" |
| Edict on Nantes | gave huguenots freedom again. |
| Spainish Power | Contributed to - gold from new world - high population - efficient military - efficient bureaucracy - supremacy in mediterranean |
| Set up to Revolt in Netherlands | Cardinal Granvelle's tried to reorganize netherlands "Compromise" - decree to resist Trent and the Inquisition Duke of Alba killed thousands of suspected heretics. Sea Beggars preyed on Spainish Ships Spanish Soldiers ran amok after leader was |
| Perpetual Edict, yes it gets its own card | REMOVAL OF ALL SPANISH SHIPS FROM THE NETHERLANDS WITHIN TWENTY DAYS!!!!!!! |
| England vs Spain | England beat spain in a naval war |
| Thirty Nine Articles | Made Protestantism the lead religion in England |
| Events leading up to English vs Spanish war | Elizabeth didn't marry Phillip Sea beggars preyed on spanish ships Killing of Mary, Queen of Scots Excommunication of Elizabeth by Pope |
| Thirty Years War | Bohemia - (1618-1625) Danish - (1625 - 1629) Swedish - (1630 - 1635) Swedish-French - (1635-1648) |
| Bohemian Period of Thirty Years War | Habsburg Ferdinand took away Protestant rights PRotestant Nobles through messengers out window into poop Began as nobility revolt BAttle of White Mountain - Tilly beat Fred V |
| Danish Period of Thirty Years War | Christian iv wanted to extend borders Christian IV got humiliated by Max. Ferdinand hired Wallenstein Beat out resistance enough to issue the "EDICT OF RESTITUTION" |
| Swedish Period of Thirty Years War | Gusstavus Adolphus II of Sweden became new Protestant Leader Won Battle Of Breitenfeld - turned war around Gustavus owned with the fire-and-charge method Peace of Prague - Ferdinand compromised with german states |
| Swedish-French Period of Thirty Years War | Worst part of war Lot of looting 1/3 of germans died during era ended with Treaty of Westphalia |
| Treaty of Westphalia | ended EDICT OF RESTITUTION Empowered the Peace of Augsburg Calvinists finally got freedom |
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Acidicsam
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