KPE 253--Chapter 8
Help!
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| the average adult has____quarts of blood in their body | 5 to 6
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| rapid blood loss of 1 quart or more can lead to | shock and death
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| external bleeding | blood coming from an open wound
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| hemorrhage | large amount of bleeding in a short time
-severe bleeding
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| three types of external bleeding according to the type of blood vessel that is damaged | -an arterial, venous, or capillary
-regardless of the type of bleeding or the type of wound, the first aid is the same. First, and most important, you must control the bleeding
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| arterial bleeding | -blood spurts from the wound
-is the most serious type of bleeding because a large amount of
blood can be lost in a very short period of time
-less likely to clot because blood can only clot when it is flowing slowly
-flows faster than most others
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| venous bleeding | -blood from a vein flows or steadily or gushes
-flows fast & study, not like arterial bleeding
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| capillary bleeding | -most common type of bleeding, -blood oozes from capillaries steadily but slowly
-usually is not serious and can be controlled easily
-this type of bleeding will most likely clot
-slow, oozing bleeding
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| each type of blood vessel--artery,vein, or capillary-- | contains blood of a different shade of red
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| blood vessel spasm | arteries contain small amounts of muscle tissue in their walls.
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| clotting | -special elements (platelets) in blood form a clot
-clotting serves as a protective covering for a wound until the tissues underneath can repair themselves
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| Management of bleeds (care for external bleeding) | 1. PPE
2. Expose the wound
3. Apply a dressing & pressure- 5 minutes
4. Elevate above heart
5. pressure bandage
6. pressure points
7. donut ring (impaled object)
8. clean, redness, bandage when bleeding stops
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| internal bleeding | occurs when the skin is not broken and blood is not seen
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| internal bleeding-signs and symptoms | -bright rid blood from mouth, rectum, or in urine
-dark, foul-smelling stool
-pain, tenderness, bruising, or swelling
-broken ribs
-rigid abdomen
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| Care for internal bleeding | 1. monitor breathing
2. expect vomiting
3. treat for shock by raising the V's legs 6 to 12 inches and covering the V with a coat or blanket for warmth
4. treat suspected internal bleeding by applying a splint
5. seek medical care
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| internal bleeding--treating bruises | -use rice procedure
-for serious internal bleeding call 911, care for shock, if vomiting occurs roll V onto the side
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