Intro Terms
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| Anatomy | the cutting up or dissection of the body; a study of the structure of an organism and the relationship of its parts
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| Surface Anatomy | study of form (morphology) and markings on the surface of the body
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| Gross Anatomy | structure observed with the unaided eye (without a microscope) i.e. cadavers Two approaches: regional and systematic
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| Microscopic Anatomy | devoted to finer detail; microscope is used as an aid
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| Cytology | the study of cells
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| Histology | the study of tissues
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| Optical (Light) Microscopes | phase contrast, ultraviolet, etc.
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| Transmission Electron Microscope | see ultrastructure
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| Scanning Electron Microscope | see ultrustructure
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| Developmental Anatomy | the study of the human body from conception (zygote, i.e. unicellular embryo formation) to adult form
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| Embryology | unicellular sygote to the end of the 8th week in utero
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| Fetology | 9th week to parturition
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| Endoscopy | a narrow, flexible tube with light is inserted into hollow organs via external openings
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| Endoscope | mouth to throat to esophagus to stomach (to see ulcers)
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| Proctoscope or Sigmoidoscope | anal opening to anal canal to rectum to colon (to see hemorrhoids meaning flowing blood, or polyps with colonoscopy)
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| Pathological Anatomy | the study of structureal changes associated with disease
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| Radiographic Anatomy | x-rays are passed through organs and shadows are cast on photographic film
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| Single Barrage (x-ray) or Roentgenogram | a flat image
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| Computer Assisted Tomography | 3-D image of a cross sectional picture
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| Digital Subtraction Angiography | an x-ray image before and after intraveneous iodine allows isolation of arteries
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| Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor | constructs a moving, 3-D lifesize image of an internal organ
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| Ultrasound or Sonography | a device emits a high-frequency sound (radar) and records the echo on a monitor
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| Scintigraphy (Nuclear Medicine) | unstable radioisotopes are introduced into the body, different organs collect and concentrate them; a scintillation counter scans the body and produces and image
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| Positron Emission Tomography | radioisotopes are mroe precisely localized with the aid of computer imaging techniques
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance | determines if the nuclei of a single element behave normally in response to magnetism; Noninvasive and does not use radiation
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| Systems | integumentary, skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, lymphatic, nervous, endocrine, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive
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