Laboratory Tests & Clinical Procedures
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| liver function tests (LFTs) | Tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood.
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| stool culture | Test for microorganisms present in feces.
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| stool guaiac test or Hemoccult test | Test to detect occult (hidden) blood in feces.
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| lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema) | X-ray images of the colon and rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum.
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| upper gastrointestinal series | X-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth.
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| cholangiography | X-ray examination of the biliary system performed after injection of contrast into the bile ducts.
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| computed tomography (CT) | A series of x-ray images are taken in multiple views (especially cross section).
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| abdominal ultrasonography | Sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera.
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| endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) | Use of an endoscope combined with ultrasound to examine the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.
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| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | Magnetic waves produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body.
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| gastric bypass or bariatric surgery | Reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum (gastrojejunostomy).
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| gastrointestinal endoscopy | Visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using an endoscope.
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| laparoscopy | Visual (endoscopic) examination of the abdomen with a laparascope inserted through small incisions in the abdomen.
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| liver biopsy | Removal of liver tissue for microscopic examination.
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| nasogastric intubation | Insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach.
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| paracentesis (abdominocentesis) | Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen.
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