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HIM Chp 14; Muscular System

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Term
Definition
ab-   (away from)  
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supra-   (above)  
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sub-   (below, under)  
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ad-   (towards)  
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sym- , syn-   (together, joined)  
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ten/o ,tendin/o, tend/o   (tendon)  
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ankyl/o   (stiff or bent)  
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fasci/o fascia   (forms sheaths enveloping muscles)  
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fibr/o   (fibrous connective tissue)  
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kinesi/o   (movement, motion)  
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kyph/o   (hump)  
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lamin/o lamina   (thin, flat plate or layer)  
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leimy/o   (smooth [viseral] muscle that lines the walls of internal organs)  
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my/o , myos/o   (muscle)  
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myocardi/o   (heart muscle)  
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plant/o   (sole of the foot)  
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rhabdomy/o   (skeletal [striated] muscle connected to bones)  
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sarc/o   (flesh, connective tissue)  
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-algia   (pain)  
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-asthenia   (weakness)  
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-centesis   (surgical puncture to aspirate fluid)  
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-lysis   (loosening, separating, dissolution)  
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-oid   (resembling)  
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-osis   (abnormal condition)  
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-penia   (abnormal reduction)  
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-physis   (growth)  
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-sarcoma   (malignant tumor)  
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-trophy   (nourishment, development)  
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-schisis   (split, fissure)  
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-desis   (surgical fixation, fusion)  
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bradykinesia (brăd-ē-kĭ-NĒ-sē-ă)   brady/kines/ia condition of slow movement  
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dyskinesia (dyskinesia)   dys/kines/ia condition of difficult movement  
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dystrophy (DIS-trŏ-fē)   dys/trophy abnormal development  
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electromyogram (ē-lĕk-trō-mī-ŎG-răm)   electr/o/my/o/gram record of the electricity of the muscle  
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fibromyalgia (fī-brō-mī-AL-j(ē-)ă)   fibr/o/my/algia pain in the fibers of muscles  
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hyperkinesia (hī-pĕr-kī-NĒ-zh(ē-)ă)   hyper/kines/ia condition of excessive movement  
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hypertrophy (hī-PĔR-trŏ-fē)   hyper/trophy excessive development  
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myalgia (mī-AL-j(ē-)ă)   my/algia painful muscles  
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myasthenia (mī-ăs-THĒ-nē-ă)   my/asthenia muscle weakness  
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myeloma (mī-ĕ-LŌ-mă)   myel/oma tumor in the spinal cord  
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myorrhaphy (mī-OR-ă-fē)   my/o/rrhaphy suturing of a muscle  
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polymyositis (pol-ē-mī-ŏ-SĪ-tĭs)   poly/myos/itis inflammation of many muscles  
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rhabdomyolysis (rab-dō-mī-OL-ĭ-sĭs)   rhabd/o/my/o/lysis dissolution of a striated muscle  
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tendinitis (ten-dĭ-NĪT-ĭs)   tendin/itis inflammation of the tendon  
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tenomyoplasty (tĕn-ō-MĪ-ō-plăs-tē)   ten/o/my/o/plasty surgical repair of the tendon and muscle  
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tenorrhaphy (tenorrhaphy)   ten/o/rrhaphy suturing of a tendon  
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divisions   biceps, triceps, quadriceps  
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size   maximus (largest), minimus (smallest)  
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shape   deltoid (triangular), trapezious (trapezoid)  
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action   flexor (to flex), adductor (towards midline of body)  
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