Hondros College Dayton Campus first Peds Test
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| When they are first born the | O2 decreased and ph decreased acidic
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| It is normal for jaundice to appear | 24 hrs AFTER birth.
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| Respiratory distress | grunting, flaring, retractions, increased respirations.
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| Ballard score | neuromuscular to determine maturity
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| Anterior fontanel closed at | 12-18 months.
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| Cephlohemotoma | does not cross the suture lines, has blood with fluid.
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| Foramen ovale | right atrium to the left atrium of the heart thru an opening in the septum
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| Ductus arteriosus | from the pulmonary artery to the aorta
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| Tanner score | sexual maturity
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| A child with a cyanotic heart defect | squats (assumes a knee-chest position) to relieve cyanonic spells.
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| Physical growth in a week for 1st 6 months | 5-7 ounces a week
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| For the second 6 months | 3-5 oz a week
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| 6 month | double weight
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| One year | Triple weight
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| Pottying in the first week | 6 voids and 2 dirties
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| Primary | teaches clients to keep from developing health problems: DARE
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| Seconday | PAP smear,prevention for those who are at risk for a problem,
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| Teritary | treating disease. antibiotics, ROM
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| First assessment is | in the delivery room. Then q 4 hr in the first 24 hrs,Then again at discharge
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| First breath helps expand | the collapsed lungs
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| Phys assists in the | first resp. by holding head down and removing mucus form the passages to the lungs
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| Surfactant keeps | alveoli open
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| O2 decreased and ph decreased | acidic
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| Meconium passed | 8 to 24 hrs after birth.
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| First urination w/in | first few hours after delivery.
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| Cryptorchidism | the testes failed to descent into the scotum.
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| Hypoglycemia | BS less than 40
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| The more mature the baby is the | lower the HR
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| Deep Sound Sleep HR | 100
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| Crying baby HR | 160.
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| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | high concentration and high mechanical settings can cause scarring due to mechanical ventilations.
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| Pyloric Stenosis | is narrowing of the pyloric sphincter between the stomach and small intestine. projectile vomiting ,do not gain weight well.
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| Omphalocele | abdominal viscera comes thru the umbilical chord, until babies are large enough to do surgery, place moist, sterile saline soaked towels.
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| Phimosis | tight foreskin circumcision.
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| Hypospadias | when the urethra opens on the ventral lower surface of the penis
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| Epispadias | uretha opens on the dorsal (upper) surface of the penis.
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| Hydrocephalus | water on the brain
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| Meningocele | herniation of meninges thru the vertebral defect.
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| Meningomyelocele | spinal nerves and meninges
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| Occulta | dimples w. tuft of hair. Not closed but nothing comes out.
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| 1-3 HR | 120(80-140)
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| 6-8 HR | 100(75-120)
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| 10-teen HR | 70(50-90)
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| Apgar Sign 1 | less than 100, slow hr, irregular breathing, some flexing of extremities,grimace reflex irrit.,extremities blue
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| With cardiovascular disorders | Do not grow well, Uneven skin tone, Dusky or Cyanotic nail bed
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| Anyone given a LIVE vaccine should check with doctor if they have | cancer, HIV/AIDS, or any disease that affects the immune system.
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| Live Attenuated vaccine is created from the | naturally occurring germ itself that is weakened in the lab.
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| Pneumococcall vaccine is a | MUST w/ children who have an immune system disease.
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| DTaP vaccine should | never be given if a child as an acute neurological disorder.
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| DTaP vaccine includes a series of | five shots and is considered a toxoid vaccine.
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| Polio includes a series of | four shots is now recommended to give as a inactivated or killed vaccine.
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| MMR : | Women should avoid getting pregnant for three months
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| Hep B should be avoided if | a child has a severe yeast allergy.
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| DTaP Vaccine is associated | a rare association w/ this neurological disease called Gullian Barre.
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| Varicella & MMR cannot be given to anyone who has an allergy to | gelatin.
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| Jaundice: occurs because the newborn | liver is too immature to handle the rapid breakdown of RBC’s.
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| Plastibell: device used for a | circumcision that is left in place until the site is healed.
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| Cephlohematoma: caused by a collection of blood between the | surface of the cranial bone and the periosteal membrane that does not cross the suture line.
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| Caputsuccedaneum: this is a collection of fluid under the | scalp that may cross the suture line.
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| Circumorcycyanosis: result of | poor oxygenation in a newborn.
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| Babinskireflex: a normal newborn neurological reflex that usually fades around the age of | one.
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| Mangolianspot: discoloration found over the | lower back and sacrum of infants of black, Hispanic, Indian, or Oriental descent.
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| Newborn Rash: these lesions appear as a | raised pink papule with a light colored center that usually appear after 48 hours.
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| Acrocyanosis | bluish discoloration of the hands and feet that is seen as a newborn adapts to life outside of the uterus.
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| Ballard Scale: assessment is | typically completed within the first four hours of life and is based on neuromuscular and physical maturity.
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| Telangietatic Nevi | stork bites
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| Sucking Reflex: premie has | immature reflex
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| Milla | white pimples, over distended sebaceous glands on the face that disappear after a few weeks.
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| Apar Scale: measures the | newborn’s adaption to life outside the uterus.
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| Oxygen: high levels of this although necessary in some situations can cause damage to the | retina’s of premature babies.
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| Blanket: prevents | cold stress in the newborn by removing amniotic fluid.
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| Cap: prevents heat loss through | radiation.
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| Maternal Rubella: are causes of | congenital disorders. Most occurs during 1st tri also alcohol abuse.
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| Atrial Sepal Defect (ASP) s/s | Acyanotic, Foramen Ovule doesn’t close = ^ blood flow to lungs.
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| Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) | Acyanotic, opening > pulmonary artery > doesn’t close
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| S/S of PDA (Patent Ductus Arteriosis) | murmur, poor development, pos. thrill felt, ^ resp. infection, CHF, hepatomegaly,
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| Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) | Acyanotic
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| S/S of VSD (Ventricular Septal Defect) | Asymptomatic,Tachypnea, Dysnpnea, Poor Growth
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| Tetroalogy of Fallot | Hypertrophy of Right Ventricle, Intraventricular Septal Defect, Pulmonary Stenosis, Overriding Aorta
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| s/s of tetroalogy of fallot | Cyanosis, Polycythemia (increased Blood Count), Murmur, Hypoxic Spells, murmur,Hypoxia and Cyanosis
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| Coarctation of the Aorta | Narrowing of the Pulmonary Artery. Acyanotic, generally asymptomatic until develop HF about 3 months.
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| s/s coartation (narrowing) of the Aorta | Low BP in legs but high in arms, Femoral pulses weak, but radial/brachial strong.
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| Transposition of the Great Arteries | Aorta over right side/pulmonary left side. The great vessels are reverse.
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| s/s of transposition of the great arteries | Cyanosis apparent soon after birth that does not improve w/ oxygen. CHF.
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| TX for transpotion of the great arteries | Prostaglandin E1 – Keep ductus open.Surgical intervention, Rasksind procedure (Balloon Atrial Septostomy)
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| Abgar score 0 | absent hr,resp.rate, reflex irritability, and pale blue color.
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| Exhibit s/s of congestive HF | Murmurs (loud or soft), Cyanosis especially if persists after O2 administration, Respiratory Distress, Fluid Retention: evident by bulging fontanels, fewer than 6 wet diapers per day, moist lung sounds, generalized tissue edema)
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| Congestive Heart Failure s/s | ^ HR, Poor Cap Refill, Peripheral edema, Fatigue, Restless & Cardiomegaly
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| CHF Pulmonary s/s | Dyspnea, tachypnea, cyanosis, feeding difficulties, crackles and wheezes
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| Metabolic CHF | Slow weight gain and perspiration
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| CHF Treatment | diuretics, K supplements, Iontropic Meds – to increase contractibility of the heart, Heart Transport.
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| Acute Rheumatic Fever | Inflammatory disorder that can flow a group A beta strep infection. (Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis)
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| Acute Rheumatic Fever can reoccur | Age 6-15 years oldand further damage to the heart.
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| Acute Rheumatic Fever can appear | Within a few days to 6 weeks after a sore throat
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| Acute Rheumatic Fever s/s | Red rash, sore joints, and high Fever
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| Heart damage caused by inflammation affects | Mitral and aortic valves. S/s of Acute Rhematic Fever
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| Sydenham Chorea | s/s of Rheumatic Fever. Involuntary movements of the face or body, may last as long as two years.
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| Erythema Marginatum | rash over the body. Can be due to AcutevRheumatic Fever
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| TX for Acute Rheumatic Fever | ASA (asprin) works best
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| Kawasaki Disease most dangerous stage | second, risk for Heart Attack
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| s/s of Kawasaki Subacute | *most dangerous. Skin on lips and hands cracked, Skin will peel,Joint pain. Heart be affected, thrombolic and aneurism
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| Apgar sign 2 | more than 100, Good Crying,active motion, vigourus cry, body pink
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| Defects of increased blood supply to heart (acyanotic) | ASD, VSD, PDA s/s Acyanotic, CHF, Pulmonary Edema (Atrial Septal Defect,Ventricular Septal Defect,Patent Ductus Arteriosus)
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| Decreased blood flow to lungs | Tetralogy of Fallot, Cyanotic
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| Obstruct pulmonary blood flow | Coarctation of the aorta, acyanotic
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| mixed defects | transportation of the great vessels, cyanotic
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| What can Acute Rheumatic Fever be caused from (what disorder and group) | Inflammation disorder.From group A beta strep(Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis)
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| Kawasaki Disease Acute s/s | fever, red blood shot eyes, red throat, swollen hands/feet and enlarged lymph nodes
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| What is the physiologic adaption of respiration? | chest compression release at birth, air drawn into lungs to replace amniotic fluid, O2v and pH v(down), stimulates respiratory center in medulla, diaphragm contracts, cold air and light also stimulate respiratory center THEN breath
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| When does the rooting fade? | 6-8 months
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| what is Gomco? | using ointment to prevent sticking
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| When the the suck fade | 10-12 months
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| Moro's fade | 4-6 months
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| Baninski's fade | 10-12 months before walking
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| what are the protective reflexes? | blink, gag and cough
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| What if there is blood tinged mucous discharged from the baby's vagina | normal, may happen 3-5 days after birth in absense of mom's hormonse.
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| If the baby has jaundice in the first 24 hrs, what does it mean? | Not normal, usually a sign of Rh or ABO incompatibility
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| Gastroschisis | condition which the infant's abdominal contents protrude out of the abdominal cavity thru a defect in the abdominal wall.
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| When is RhoGham given? | 28 weeks of gestation and after delivery of Rh baby
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| What can meconium aspiration cause? | pneumonia, pulmonary hypertension and pneomthorax
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| What is the tracheoesophageal fistula | a connection between the esophagus and the trachea
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| What is the esophageal atresia | the esophagus ends in a blind pouch before reaching the stomach
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| Pneumoccoccal | A MUST for immunosuppressed children. Sickle cell, HIV/AIDS should also get it
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| exstrophy of the bladder | bladder develops on the outside of the abdomen
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| hydrocephalus | increased production and/or decreased absorption or blockage of the cerebrospinal fluid
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| acyanotic - refers to | a group of congenital heart defects in which there is a normal amount of oxygen in the bloodstream, giving a pink color to the lips and nail beds.
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