Chabner, Med Terms--a short course ch 4 vocab
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| Abnormal | away from the norm, irregular
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| Adrenal glands | two glands, one above each kidney, which produce adrenalin and hydrocortisone
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| Analysis | separating a substance into its component parts
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| Anemia | a blood condition that lacks hemoglobin or erythrocytes
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| Antepartum | before birth
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| Antibiotic | a substance that works against a germ’s life
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| Antibody | a substance produced by leukocytes that fights against germs
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| Antigen | something that provokes the leukocytes to develop antibodies
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| Aphasia | absence or impairment of speech
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| Apnea | not able to breathe, temporary stopping breath
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| Atrophy | decrease in the size of cells within an organ
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| Benign | non cancerous
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| Bilateral | two sided
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| Bradycardia | slow heartbeat
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| Congenital anomaly | an irregularity that is apparent at birth
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| Dialysis | complete separation of wastes from blood when kidneys fail
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| Diarrhea | discharge of watery wastes from colon
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| Dysphagia | difficulty swallowing
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| Dysplasia | abnormality of development or formation of cells
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| Dyspnea | painful or difficult breathing
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| Dysuria | painful or difficult urination
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| Ectopic pregnancy | development of the zygote outside of the uterus
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| Endocrine glands | glands that secrete within the body
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| Endoscopy | process of viewing the inside of organs
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| Epidural hematoma | mass of blood above the dura mater (outermost membranes around brain and spinal cord)
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| Excision | act of cutting out
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| Extrahepatic | pertaining to outside the liver
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| Hemigastrectomy | removal of half the stomach
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| Hemiplegia | paralysis of one side of the body
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| Hyperglycemia | higher than normal levels of sugar in the blood
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| Hypertension | high blood pressure
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| Hyperthyroidism | excessive activity of the thyroid gland
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| Hypertrophy | enlargement of an organ or body part because the cells are bigger
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| Hypoglycemia | blood condition of low blood sugar
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| Incision | cutting into something
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| Intervertebral | pertaining to lying between to backbones
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| Intrauterine | pertaining to within the uterus
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| Intravenous | pertaining to within a vein
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| Malignant | tending to become progressively worse
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| Metacarpal | bones between the wrist bones (carpals) and finger bones (phalanges)
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| Metastasis | ”change of place;” when a tumor spreads to a distant organ
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| Neonatal | pertaining to a new birth
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| Neoplastic | pertaining to a new growth
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| Paralysis | loss or impairment of movement in a body part
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| Paraplegia | loss or impairment of movement in the lower part of the body
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| Parathyroid glands | 4 glands behind the thyroid gland that help with calcium in the blood and bone
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| Perianal | pertaining to surrounding the anus
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| Periosteum | membrane that surrounds the bone
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| Polydipsia | excessive thirst
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| Polyneuropathy | disease of many nerves
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| Polyuria | excessive urination
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| Postmortem | after death
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| Postpartum | after birth
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| Precancerous | pertaining to a condition that tends to become malignant
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| Prolapse | “sliding forward;” falling down or drooping of a body part
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| Prothesis | “to place before;” an artificial substitute for a body part
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| Quadriplegia | paralysis of all 4 extremities
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| Relapse | “sliding back/again;” the return of a disease after its apparent termination
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| Remission | lessening of symptoms of a disease
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| Resection | cutting or trimming back some part of an organ or structure
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| Retroperitoneal | pertaining to behind the peritoneum
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| Subcostal | pertaining to below the ribs
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| Subcutaneous | the lower level of skin made up of fatty tissue
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| Subdural hematoma | mass of blood below the dura mater (the outermost membrane surrounding the brain
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| Subscapular | pertaining to under the shoulder bone
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| Subtotal | less than total; under the total amount
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| Syndrome | set of symptoms that occur together to indicate a disease condition
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| Tachycardia | condition of rapid heartbeat
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| Tachypnea | condition of rapid breathing
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| Transabdominal | pertaining to across the abdomen
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| Transurethral | pertaining to across or through the urethra
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| Tricuspid valve | fold of tissue between the upper and lower chambers on the right side of the heart.
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| Ultrasonography | recording of internal body structures using sound waves
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| Unilateral | pertaining to one side
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| Urinalysis | examination of urine to determine its contents
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