2nd Anatomy Test
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Mitochondria | Makes ATP via aerobic cellular respiration
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| Ribosomes | Site of Protein Sythesis
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| Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) | Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes phospholipids
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| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) | Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances
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| Golgi complex | Receives and modifies proteins from RER; sorts and transports them
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| Secretory vesicles | Secrete substances outside the cell by exocytosis
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| Lysosomes | Enzymes digest and recycle worn out organelles and substances entering the cell; can digest the cell
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| Peroxisomes | Produce hydrogen peroxide and detoxify harmful substances
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| Cytoskeleton | 3 kinds of protein filaments used maintain shape and movement
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| Centrioles | Form mitotic spindle; needed to form cilia and flagella
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| Cilia | hair-like cell projections that move fluids and particles
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| Flagella | Long cell projection whip-like motion moves sperm
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| arrector pili | bundle of smooth muscle cells attached to the connective tissue sheath around the hair follicle (causes "goosebumps")
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| Sudoriferous glands | sweat glands, secrete a watery substance that is important in excretion and body temperature regulation (general)
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| Eccrine glands | Ducts from the eccrine glands deposit their secretions, called sweat, on the epithelial surface (most common, off by its self)
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| Apocrine glands | found only in the axilla (genital area)and the nipples (areolae)This secretion, which is deposited on the distal end of the hair root is odorless until broken down by bacteria
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| Sebaceous glands | oil glands, are found surrounding hair follicles and deposit sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair, into the neck of the follicle (sourrounds hair folicle, deposits product under skin)
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| Epidermis | keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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| Dermis | consists of two regions: the papillary (papilla = nipples) region and the reticular (reticul- = net-like) region
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| Papillary Region | deep to the stratum basale of the epidermis and the basement membrane, finger like projections that extend into the epidermis (causes fingerprints)
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| reticular layer | deeper and much thicker region, composed mainly of dense, irregular connective tissue whose collagen fibers provide the skin with strength and whose elastic fibers provide elasticity
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| Areolar connective tissue | most abundant connective tissue. It contains fibroblasts, all three fiber types, a semi-fluid (viscous) ground substance, and a variety of cells involved in body
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| Adipose tissue | contains fibroblasts, fibers, ground substance, and adipose cells, has a greater number of adipocytes(lipid-storing cells)& little extracellular matrix, Lipid within the adipose cells occupies most of the cell volume
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| dense regular connective tissue | extracellular matrix is packed with parallel bundles of collagen fibers that run in the direction of the pulling forces applied to the tissue
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| Dense irregular connective tissue | like dense tissue but the bundles of collagen fibers are irregularly arranged
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| elastic connective tissue | the extracellular matrix is packed with elastic fibers, and fibroblasts are found in the spaces between these fibers
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| Cartilage | extracellular matrix consists of collagen and elastic fibers embedded in a firm gelatinous ground substance/Collagen fibers give the tissue strength, & the ground substance, binds water to form a firm gel, gives cartilage its resiliency
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| Bone | matrix is organized in layers called lamellae and consists of collagen fibers, ground substance, and inorganic salts
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| Osteocytes | (mature bone cells) are trapped in spaces called lacunae
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| Blood | composed of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma
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| Plasma | extracellular matrix, and its fibers are produced and observed only during blood clotting
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