Anatomy & Physiology
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| Why is it important for a manual therapist to thoroughly understand the structures and functions of the muscular system? | Muscle pain and tension may be the most common reason people seek manual therapy treatments.
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| How does the muscular system help maintain body temperature? | Heat is generated as a byproduct of muscle contractions.
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| What is the name of the large central portion of a muscle? | Belly
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| What is the function of a tendon? | Connect muscle to bone
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| Which muscle attachment is usually on the non-moving bone during motion? | Origin
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| What fascial layer surrounds each skeletal muscle fiber? | Endomysium
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| The perimysium is a layer of fascia that surrounds a group of muscle fibers, dividing the muscle into several compartments called ___________. | fascicles
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| A skeletal muscle fiber, or muscle cell, is made up of smaller fibers called: | myofibrils
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| What type of muscle contraction increases muscle tension but does not create movement? | Isometric
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| What change occurs in the muscles during concentric contraction? | The muscle shortens
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| What change occurs in a muscle during an eccentric contraction? | Tension increases and muscle lengthens
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| What type of muscle contraction happens in the biceps brachii as you lower a barbell to the table? | Eccentric
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| What kind of contraction happens in the hamstrings when you bend your knees to climb stairs? | Concentric
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| Which method of energy production yields the highest amount of ATP? | Aerobic cellular metabolism
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| What is the KREBS cycle? | An aerobic metabolic process in which ATP is produced by converting pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water
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| What method of energy production creates lactic acid and the largest oxygen debt? | Anaerobic cellular metabolism
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| After a bout of extended exercise, the breathing rate remains elevated for the amount of time it takes to metabolize lactic acid, which is called: | repaying the oxygen debt
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| The physiologic processes that occur as the oxygen debt is paid back include: | metabolizing lactic acid and replenishing energy supplies
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| What class of lever are most joints in the body? | Third
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| A wheelbarrow and standing heel-raise exercises are examples of what class of lever? | Second
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