Female Reproductive System & Obstetrics and Neonatology
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| -salpinx | suffix: uterine (fallopian) tube
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| cervic-o, trachel-o | cf:cervix
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| culd-o | cf: cul-de-sac
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| hyster-o, metr-o, metr-i, uter-o | cf: uterus
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| gynec-o, gyn-o | cf: woman
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| arche-o | cf: first, beginning
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| colp-o, vagin-o | cf: vagina
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| hymen-o | cf: hymen
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| episi-o, vulv-o | cf: vulva
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| mamm-o, mast-o | cf:breast
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| oophor-o | cf: ovary
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| -atresia | suffix: absence of normal body opening, occlusion, closure
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| salping-o | cf: uterine (fallopian) tube
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| men-o | cf: menstruation
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| perine-o | cf: perineum
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| -ial | suffix: pertaining to
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| peri- | prefix: surrounding (outer)
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| chori-o | cf: chorion
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| lact-o | cf: milk
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| fet-o, fet-i | cf: fetus, unborn child
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| amni-o, amnion-o | cf: amnion, amniotic fluid
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| embry-o | cf: embryo, to be full
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| nat-o | cf: birth
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| gravid-o | cf: pregnancy
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| omphal-o | cf: umbilicus, navel
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| puerper-o | cf: childbirth
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| prim-i | cf: first
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| esophag-o | cf: esophagus
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| par-o, part-o | cf: bear, give birth to, labor, childbirth
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| cephal-o | cf: head
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| pseud-o | cf: false
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| pelv-i, pelv-o | cf: pelvic bone, pelvis
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| terat-o | cf: malformations
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| micro- | prefix: small
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| -amnios | suffix: amnion, amniotic fluid
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| nulli- | prefix: none - as in no pregnancies (a woman who has never been pregnant)
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| pylor-o | cf: pylorus, pyloric sphincter
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| ante-, pre- | prefix: before
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| post- | prefix: after
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| multi- | prefix: many
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| -partum | suffix: childbirth, labor
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| -um, -is, -us, -e | suffix: noun suffix, no meaning
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| -tocia | suffix: birth, labor
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| -cyesis | suffix: pregnancy
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| -rrhexis | suffix: rupture
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| pregnancy is also called | gestation
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| where is the cul-de-sac... also called Douglas cul-de-sac or rectputerine pouch | between the uterus and the rectum
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| Hyaline membrane disease | a neonate respiratory disorder
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| bilateral salpiingo-oophorectomy | the removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries
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| Neonatology | the study & treatment of newborns
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| fimbriae | fingerlike ends of the fallopian tubes
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| abrputio placentae | premature separation of the placenta
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| episiotomy | an incision of the perineum during childbirth
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| pelvic exenteration | removal of internal and reproductive organs
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| metrorrhagia | excessive flow of blood from the uterus between menstrual periods
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| menarche? | first menstrual period
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| PID | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
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| Symptoms of PID... | Pain, vaginal discharge, dysmenorrhea, gonococcal infection
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| endometriosis | uterine tissue that is located outside the uterus
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| endometrial carcinoma | malignant condition of the inner lining of the uterus
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| cystadenocarcinoma | malignant tumor of the ovary
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| placenta previa | displaced placenta
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| choriocarcinoma | malignant tumor of the pregnant uterus
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| preeclampsia | condition during pregnancy: hypertension, proteinuria, edema, and uremia. A severe complication of preeclampsia is eclampsia, which is characterized by convulsion and coma.
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| cervix | lower neck-like portion of the uterus
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| perineum | pelvic floor - area between the anus and vagina
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| clitoris | organ of sensitive erectile tissue in females
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| The fallopian tubes may be called... | uterine tubes
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| placenta | blood-vessel-filled organ that develops during pregnancy
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| ovaries | female gonads; they produce ova & hormones - egg cells are formed & stored here
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| female external genitalia | vulva (labia major & labia minora)
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| endometrium | inner lining of the uterus
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| myometrium | muscular middle layer of the uterus
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| perimetrium | outer thin layer that covers the surface of the uterus
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| amnion | innermost membrane surrounding the embryo
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| What is the sac that contains the egg? | Graafian follicle / ovarian follicle
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| What is used to treat vaginal yeast infection? | antifungals
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| treats adverse symptoms of menopause | estrogen
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| oxytocics | induces labor at term by increasing the stregth and frequency of uterine contractions
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| prostaglandins | terminate pregnancy
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| AI | artificial insemination
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| DC | discharge
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| D&C | dilation and curettage - dialation of the cervix & scraping of the endometrium with a curette. Used to diagnose disease, correct bleeding & empty uterine contents
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| BSE | breast self examination
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| DUB | dysfunctional uterine bleeding
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| CPD | cephalopelvic disproportion
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| Dx | diagnosis
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| GYN | gynecology
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| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone
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| ERT | estrogen replacement therapy
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| HSG | hysterosalpingography
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| IUD | intrauterine device
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| LMP | last menstrual period
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| HSV | herpes simplex virus
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| LH | luteinizing hormone
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| MH | marital history
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| OCP's | oral contraceptive pills
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| PMP | previous mentrual period
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| PMS | premenstrual syndrome
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| STI | sexually transmitted infection
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| STD | sexually transmitted disease
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| TAH | total abdominal hysterectomy
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| LSO | left salpino-oophorectomy
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| Pap | papanicolaou's smear
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| R/O | rule out
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| TVH | total vaginal hysterectomy
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| VD | venereal disease
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| TSS | toxic shock syndrome
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| CS or C section | cesarean section
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| DOB | date of birth
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| FTND | full-term normal delivery
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| FECG and FEKG | fetal electrocardiogram
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| FHT | fetal heart tone
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| FHR | fetal heart rate
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| LBW | low birth weight
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| OB | obstetrics
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| NB | newborn
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| XX | female sex chromosomes
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| XY | male sex chromosomes
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| UC | uterine contractions
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| HCG | human chorionic gonadotropin
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| CVS | chronic villus sampling
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| GC | gonorrhea
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| G | gravida - meaning pregnant
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| FH | family history
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| What is the newborn period? | 1st 28 days
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| What is the post natal period? | 28th day to end of 1st year
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| Infants born at term are born between | 38-42 weeks
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| ovum (pl. ova) | female egg cell
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| mammary papilla | breast nipple
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| areola | pigmented area around the breast nipple
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| hymen | fold of membrane near the opening of the vagina
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| mammary glands or breast | milk producing glands found in the female breast
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| bartholin glands | pair of mucus producing glands on each side of the vagina and above the vaginal opening
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| amenorrhea | absence of menstrual discharge
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| bartholin adenitis | inflammation of a bartholin gland - also called bartholinitis
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| cervicitis | inflammation of the cervix
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| colpitis, vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina
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| dysmenorrhea | painful menstrual discharge
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| endocervicitis | inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix
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| endometritis | inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus
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| hematosalpinx | blood in uterine tube
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| hydrosalpinx | water in uterine tube
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| hysteratresia | closure of the uterus (uterine cavity)
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| mastitis | inflammation of the breast
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| menometrorrhagia | rapid flow of blood from the uterus at menstruation and between cycles
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| menorrhagia | rapid flow of blood at menstruation
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| metrorrhagia | rapid flow of blood from the uterus between menstrual cycles
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| myometritis | inflammation of the uterine muscle
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| oligomenorrhea | scanty menstral flow
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| oophoritis | inflammation of the ovary
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| perimetritis | inflammation surrounding the uterus (perimetrium)
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| pyosalpinx | pus in the uterine tube
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| salpingitis | inflammation of the uterine tube
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| salpingocele | hernia of the uterine tube
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| valvovaginitis | inflammation of the vulva and vagina
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| Cx | cervix
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| A&P repair | anterior and posterior colporrhapy - used to correct a cystocele (vaginal wall weakness)
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| FBD | fibrocystic breast disease - benign cysts within the breast
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| SHG | sonohysterography
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| BSO | bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
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| TVS | transvaginal sonography
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| UAE | uterine artery embolization - used to treat fibroids of the uterus
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| dyspareunia | difficult or painful intercourse
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| fistula | abnormal passageway between 2 organs or between an internal organ and the body surface
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| menopause | cessation of menstruation
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| speculum | instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual insepction
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| gynecologist | one that studies and treats diseases of women
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| gynopathic | pertaining to diseases of women
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| leukorrhea | white discharge from the vagina
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| mastalgia | pain in the breast
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| mastoptosis | sagging breast
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| vaginal | pertaining to the vagina
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| vulvovaginal | pertaining to the vulva and vagina
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| CA-125 (cancer antigen-125 tumor marker) | blood test used to find ovarian cancer; also used to monitor treatment and determine the extend of the disease
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| Pap smear | cytological study to test for cancerous cells - common test for cervival cancer
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| mommogram | radiographic image of the breast
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| hysterosalpingogram | radiographic image of the uterus & uterine tubes
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| mammography | radiographic image of the breast - also called digital mammography
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| colposcope | instrument for visual examination of the vagina
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| colposcopy | visual examination of the vagina and cervix
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| culdoscope | instrument for visual examination of Douglas cul-de-sac
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| culdoscopy | visual examination of the Douglas cul-de-sac
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| hysteroscope | instrument for visual examination of the uterus (uterine cavity)
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| hysteroscopy | visual examination of the uterus (uterine cavity)
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| culdocentesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid from Douglas cul-de-sac
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| tubal ligation - also called tubal sterilization and tying of the tubes | closure of uterine tubes for sterilization by cutting, tying, or cauterizing
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| stereotactic breast biopsy | technique of a mammography & computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion
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| sentinel lymph node biopsy | blue dye or isotope identifies the sentinel lymph nodes - they are removed and tested
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| conization - also called cone biopsy | surgical removal of the cone-shaped area of the cervix to treat cervical cancer
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| ovarian cancer | malignant tumor of the ovary
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| fibroid tumor - also called myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma | benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle
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| prolapsed uterus - also called hysteroptosis | downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina
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| toxic shock syndrome - TSS | high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, myalgia, hypotension, and possibly shock and death. Caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes (usually affecting women that use tampons)
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| vesicovaginal fistula | abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina
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| breast cancer | malignant tumor of the breast
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| cervical cancer | malignant tumor of the cervix
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| endometrial cancer - also called uterine cancer | malignant tumor of the endometrium
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| adenomyosis | growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus
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| cervicetomy | excision of the cervix
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| colpoperineorrhaphy | suture of the vagina and perineum - done to repair vaginal tears
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| colpoplasty | surgical repair of the vagina
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| colporrhaphy | suture of the vagina (wall)
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| episioperineoplasty | surgical repair of the vulva & perineum
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| episiorrhaphy | suture of (a tear in) the vulva
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| hymenectomy | excision of the hymen
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| hymenotomy | incision of the hymen
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| hysterectomy | excision of the uterus
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| hysteropexy | surgical fixation of the uterus
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| hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy | excision of the uterus, uterine tubes, & ovaries
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| mammoplasty | surgical repair of the breast - after removal of tumor
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| mastectomy | surgical removal of a breast
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| oophorectomy | excision of an ovary
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| perineorraphy | suture of a tear in the perineum
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| salpingectomy | excision of a uterine tube
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| salping-oophorectomy | excision of a uterine tube and ovary
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| salpingostomy | creation of an artificial opening in a uterine tube - done to restore patency
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| trachelectomy | excision of the cervix
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| trachelorrhaphy | suture of the cervix
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| vulvectomy | excision of the vulva
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| endrometrial ablation | procedure that destroies or removes the endometrium with a laser or thermal energy. Used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding
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| laproscopy or laproscopic surgery | visual examination of the abdominal cavity by way of a laparscope inserted through a small incision near the umbilicus. Used for many surgical procedures & to diagnose endometriosis.
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| myomectomy | excision of a fibroid tumor (muoma) from the uterus
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| subtotal hysterectomy | excision of the uterus, excluding the cervix. This is rarely performed.
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| Total hysterectomy | excision of the uterus (may be done abdominal, vaginal, or laparoscopic)
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| panhysterectomy | excision of the uterus, ovaries, and uterine tubes
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| radical hysterectomy | excision of the uterus, ovaries, uterine tubes, lymph nodes, upper portion of the vagina, and surrounding tissue
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| radical mastectomy - rarely called Halsted mastectomy | removal of breast tissue, nipple, underlying muscle, and lymph nodes
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| modified radical mastectomy | removal of breast tissue, nipple, and lymph nodes
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| simple mastectomy - called total mastectomy | removal of breast tissue, and nipple
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| subcutaneous mastectomy | removal of breast tissue, preserving the overlying skin, nipple, and areola, so it can be reconstructed.
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| lumpectomy - also called tylectomy | removal of cancerous lesion only
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| ectopic pregnancy | when the ovum is implanted outside the uterus rather than inside
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| missed abortion | when the fetus has died in the uterus before completion of 22 weeks gestation, with retention in the uterus
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| spontaneous abortion | presentation or expulsion of all or parts of the products of conception
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| prolonged delivery | delivery for a pregnancy that has advanced beyond 42 completed weeks of gestation
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| preterm delivery | delivery before 37 completed weeks of gestation
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| term delivery | delivery between 38-40 completed weeks of gestation
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| postterm delivery | delivery between 41-42 weeks of completed weeks of gestation
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| amnionitis | inflammation of the amnion
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| chorioamnionitis | inflammation of the chorion & amnion
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| choriocarcinoma | cancerous tumor of the chorion
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| dystocia | difficult labor
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| hysterorrhexis | rupture of uterus
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| oligohydramnios | scanty amnion water
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| polyhydramnios | too much amnion water
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| aminiotic, or amnionic, sac | membranous bag that surrounds the fetus
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| what are the 2 layers of the fetal membrane bag? | chorion (outer layer) & amnion (inner layer)
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| microcephalus | fetus with very small head
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| omphalitis | iflammation of umbilicus
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| omphalocele | herniation at the umbilicus
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| pyloric stenosis | narrowed pyloric sphincter
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| tracheoesophageal fistula | abnormal passageway between the esophagus and trachea
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| FAS | fetal alcohol syndrome
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| EDD | expected date of delivery
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| IVF | in vitro fertilization - to fertilize ova outside the body & placing the zygote into the uterus
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| LNMP | last normal menstrual period
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| multip | multipara - many births - a woman who has given birth to 2 or more offspring
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| primip | primipara - first birth - a woman who has givin birth to one viable offspring
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| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome
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| stillborn | born dead
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| premature infant | born before 37 weeks
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| parturition | act of giving birth
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| meconium | first stool from newborn
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| lochia | vaginal discharge after childbirth
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| lactation | secretion of milk
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| congenital anomaly | abnomality present at birth
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| colostrum | fluid from mothers breast during pregnancy & 1st few days after birth until lactation starts
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| breech presentation | when the baby tries to emerge in some other form other than head first
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| cephalic presentation | when the baby emerges head first
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| nullipara | no births - a woman who has never given birth to offspring
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| para | birth - a woman who has given birth to a viable offspring
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| postnatal | pertaining to after birth
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| postpartum | after childbirth - reference to the mother
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| prenatal | pertaining to before the birth - reference to the newborn
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| primigravida | first pregnancy - a woman in her first pregnancy
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| pseudocyesis | false pregnancy
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| puerpera | childbirth - a woman who has just given birth
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| puerperal | pertaining to immediately after childbirth
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| teratogen | an agent that produces malformations within the developing embryo (drugs, alcohol, viruses, x-rays, etc...)
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| teratogenic | producing malformations within the developing embryo
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| teratology | study of malformations caused by teratogens within the developing embryo
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