Surgery
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burn epidemiology | Adult: flame burns/clothing ignition; kids: scalds
🗑
|
||||
| 1st degree burns heal within: | 3-6 days
🗑
|
||||
| Superficial 2nd degree | due to flame, scalding, chem. Edema; skin pink/ red, often blisters; hypersensitivity; healing 10-21 days
🗑
|
||||
| Deep 2nd degree | More destruction than superficial; involves some skin appendages; large blisters or bullae, often ruptured, skin red or pale; decreased sensation/ circulation, may be pale; healing >21 days
🗑
|
||||
| 3rd degree | d/t prolonged exposure to heat or severe exposure; extensive edema; skin moist/ weeping, charred skin or pale; no sensation, circulation; will not heal spontaneously, requires grafting
🗑
|
||||
| Laryngeal edema d/t smoke inhalation usually occurs: | within 24 hours of the injury (but poss any time); intubate pre-emptively
🗑
|
||||
| Baseline labs: | ABG, CBC, electrolytes, glucose, UA, carbon monoxide level; determine tetanus status
🗑
|
||||
| Pt's hand is ___% of BSA | 1%
🗑
|
||||
| BSA chest + abdomen | 9 + 9 = 18%
🗑
|
||||
| BSA head | 2 X 4.5 = 9%
🗑
|
||||
| BSA: arms | 2 X 4.5 = 9% each arm; 18% for both arms
🗑
|
||||
| BSA: lower extremities | 2 x 9 = 18% each leg; 36% both legs
🗑
|
||||
| Major burns: disposition | transfer to the nearest regional burn center
🗑
|
||||
| Definition of major burns | Partial thickness >25% BSA; Full thickness >10% BSA; burns of the face, eyes, ears, hands, feet or perineum
🗑
|
||||
| Moderate burns | Partial thickness of 15-25% BSA; Full thickness burns of 2-10% of BSA (except if it includes critical areas); excludes high voltage electrical injury, inhalational injury, high risk-patients, or a multi-trauma burn pt
🗑
|
||||
| Parkland formula | 4 mL/kg x % total BSA (kids: 3mL). Half given over 1st 8 hrs, 2nd half given over next 16 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| Smoke inhalation | 33% of pts admitted to burn ctr; d/t toxic damage to resp epithelium; inflammation/ necrosis
🗑
|
||||
| Most common cause of morbidity in smoke inhalation patients | Pneumonia
🗑
|
||||
| To dx smoke inhalation injury: | Fiberoptic bronchoscopy
🗑
|
||||
| Smoke inhalation injury: tx | Humidified O2 (100% if CO tox); mucolytics; pulmonary physiotherapy; consider intubation; usu heal in 2-3 wks
🗑
|
||||
| Electrical injury | may be worse than it looks; may need fasciotomy; poss extensive mx damage & cardiac arrhythmias; 1/3 of pts need amputation
🗑
|
||||
| Monitor electrical burn pts for: | myoglobinuria
🗑
|
||||
| Escharotomy/Fasciotomy may be needed for: | Electrical burns; circumferential full-thickness burns; chest wall involvement impairing resp; compartment syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| Chemical burns | Wash thoroughly, copious amounts water to decontaminate; get pH to 7.0 (litmus paper)
🗑
|
||||
| Alkali vs acid burns | Alkali cause more damage than acid
🗑
|
||||
| conjunctival pallor is due to: | severe ocular injury from alkali
🗑
|
||||
| Most common pathogens in burns: | S. Aureus and Pseudomonas (topical Abx prevent invasion)
🗑
|
||||
| Which topical antimicrobial agent has the ability to penetrate eschar? | Mafenide acetate
🗑
|
||||
| Topical Abx | Ag NO3, Ag sulfadiazine; Mafenide acetate
🗑
|
||||
| If systemic Abx are indicated (discolored, erythema, edema, high temp): | Broad spectrum: PCN, ceph, macrolides
🗑
|
||||
| skin grafting is indicated for: | 3rd degree and deep 2nd degree
🗑
|
||||
| Biologic dressings | Gold standard: Human allograft; also porcine xenografts, synthetics
🗑
|
||||
| Burn type: erythema, mild discomfort | 1st degree: outer dermis layer
🗑
|
||||
| Burn type: blister formation, tissue edema, plasma leakage | 2nd degree: Superficial (upper dermis portion) or Deep (involving most but not entire dermis). Often caused by short flash / scalding liquid
🗑
|
||||
| Burn type: painless, leathery, charred appearance | 3rd degree: full thickness. Often due to high electrical current, prolonged fire exposure, immersion in scalding liquid or chemicals
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Abarnard
Popular Medical sets