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APHG Master List

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Term
Definition
show The process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of two groups, each of which retains distinct culture features.  
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Adolescent fertility rate   show
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agnosticism   show
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show Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations  
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show The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture  
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show the time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering  
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animism   show
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show legally adding land area to a city in the United States  
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anocracy   show
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show laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas.  
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show the cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions  
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show the total number of people divided by the total land area  
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show the process by which a group's cultural features are altered to resemble those of another more dominant group.  
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show someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee  
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show the belief that God does not exist  
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autocracy   show
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autonomous religion   show
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show a process by which as state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities  
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balkanized   show
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show when real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that persons of color will soon move into that neighborhood  
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show large-scale emigration by talented people  
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show a large and fundamental division within a religion  
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bulk-gaining industry   show
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show an industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a greater volume than the inputs  
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carbon capture and storage (CCS)   show
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show the science of making maps  
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show the class or distinct hereditary order into which a Hindu is assigned to religious law  
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show a complete enumeration (count) of a population  
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central business district (CBD)   show
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central city (city)   show
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show a market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area  
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show the distribution of services where settlements serve as centers of market areas for services. Larger settlements are fewer and farther apart and provide services for those willing to travel.  
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show An attitude that tends to divide people and hurt a state. Could be differences in religion, ethnicity, etc.  
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centripetal force   show
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show migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there  
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show the temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment  
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show short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis  
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show a sovereign state comprising a city ands its immediate hinterland  
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show a rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other with fields surrounding the settlement.  
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show an attempt by one country to establish settlements and impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory  
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show In the US, two or more micropolitan or metropolitan statistical areas tied together by commuting patterns  
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show agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm  
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compact state   show
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concentric zone model   show
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consumer service   show
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consumptive water usage   show
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show the rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population  
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show a set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe  
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show manufacturing based in homes rather than in factories, most common prior to the Industrial Revolution  
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counterurbanization   show
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Creole/Creolized language   show
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crop rotation   show
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crude birth rate (CBR)   show
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show the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people in the society  
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show a geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships  
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cultural landscape   show
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show the body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group's distinct tradition  
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custom   show
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democracy   show
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show the process of change in a society's pop from high crude birth and death rates and low rate of NIR to a condition of low crude birth/death rates, low NIR, and higher total population  
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show the scientific study of population characteristics  
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show a division of a branch that unites a number of local religious congregations into a single legal and administrative body  
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dependency ratio   show
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desertification   show
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developed country   show
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developing country   show
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developing language   show
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dialect   show
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dietary energy consumption   show
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diffusion   show
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show a rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages  
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distance decay   show
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show harvesting twice a year from the same field  
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doubling time   show
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show the portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement. Habitable land.  
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edge city   show
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show the number of working-age people (15-64) divided by the number of persons 65+  
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elongated state   show
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emigration   show
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enumeration   show
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environmental determinism   show
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show the process of change in the causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition model.  
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epidemiology   show
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ethnic cleansing   show
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ethnic enclave   show
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ethnic religion   show
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ethnicity   show
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show a suburban area with a cluster of a particular ethnic population. Ex. China Town or Little Italy  
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show The belief that one's ethnicity is superior to another's.  
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expansion diffusion   show
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show a language that is no longer used.  
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show an alternative to international trade that provides greater equity to workers, small businesses, and consumers, focusing primarily on products exported from developing countries to developed countries.  
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show an internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government  
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show the percentage of women holding full-time jobs outside the home  
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show culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogenous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups  
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show an area that has a substantial amount of low-income residents and has poor access to a grocery store, defined in most cases as further than 1 mile.  
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show physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.  
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forced migration   show
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Fordist production   show
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show Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country  
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formal region   show
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fossil fuel   show
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show a state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory  
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show a zone separating two states in which neither state exercises political control  
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functional/nodal region   show
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fundamentalism   show
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show an indicator constructed by the UN to measure the extent of each country's gender inequality in terms of reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market  
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show an indicator constructed by the UN to measure the gender gap in the level of achievement in terms of income, education, and life expectancy  
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genetically modified organism (GMO)   show
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genocide   show
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gentrification   show
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show the process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefitting the party in power  
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ghetto   show
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globalization   show
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show a model which holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location. It is inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service.  
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show rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers  
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gross domestic product (GDP)   show
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gross national income (GNI)   show
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show a term once used for a worker who migrated to the developed countries of Northern and Western Europe, usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search for higher paying work.  
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habit   show
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show the region from which innovative ideas spread and originate  
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show the spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places  
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show the area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services  
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show when a company buys other companies that are in the same industry to corner the market on the product.  
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show the growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers  
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human development index (HDI)   show
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show migration TO a new location  
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indigenous people   show
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industrial revolution   show
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inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI)   show
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show the total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year of age for every 1000 life births in a society  
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informal settlement   show
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show a language used in education, work, mass media, and government  
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show a form of subsistence agriculture characteristic of Asia's major population concentrations in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land  
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show permanent movement within a particular country  
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internally displaced person (IDP)   show
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international migration   show
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interregional migration   show
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show an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration  
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intraregional migration   show
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isogloss   show
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show a language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family  
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show shipment of parts and materials to arrive at a factory before they are needed.  
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show an industry for which labor costs comprise a high percentage of total expenses  
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show a state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea  
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show a system of communication through the use of speech, a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning.  
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language branch   show
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language family   show
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language group   show
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life expectancy   show
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show a language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages  
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show the percentage of a country's people who can read and write  
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literary tradition   show
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show a symbol that represents a word rather than a sound  
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show the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface  
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maquiladora   show
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show a map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service  
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maternal mortality rate   show
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medical revolution   show
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megalopolis   show
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show an urbanized area of at least 50k, the county in which it's located, and adjacent countries.  
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micropolitan statistical area (mSA)   show
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microstate   show
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show a permanent move to a new location  
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milkshed   show
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missionary   show
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show commercial farming characterized by integration of crops and livestock; most of the crops are fed to animals rather than consumed directly by humans.  
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mobility   show
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show the belief in the existence of one God  
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show a state that contains more than one ethnicity  
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multinational state   show
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multiple nuclei model   show
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nationalism   show
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show identity with a group of people who share legal attachment to a particular country  
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nation-state   show
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show the percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate  
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show the difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration  
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nonconsumptive water usage   show
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show pollution that originates from a large, diffuse area (as in you can't point to a definite spot...it's too spread out)  
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nonrenewable resource   show
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official language   show
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outsourcing   show
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show a situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living  
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show the Malay word for wet rice used to describe a flooded field used for rice farming.  
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show disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population. Ex. COVID, Spanish flu, or Bubonic Plague  
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passive solar energy systems   show
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pastoral nomadism   show
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perforated state   show
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peripheral model   show
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physiological density   show
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show a form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of lingua franca; used for communications among speakers of two languages.  
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show a journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes  
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point source pollution   show
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polytheism   show
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popular culture   show
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show a bar graph that represents the distribution of population by age and sex  
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show the theory that the physical environment may set limits on what people can do, but people have the ability to adapt and prosper. They see what is POSSIBLE....  
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post-Fordist production   show
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potential reserve   show
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show the portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth, generally through agriculture.  
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show a city that is the largest settlement in a country and has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement  
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show a pattern of settlements in a country such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.  
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show the most productive farmland  
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prorupted state   show
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show the amount of a resource remaining in discovered deposits  
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show government-owned housing rented to low-income individuals with rents set at 30% of the tenant's income  
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public service   show
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show a factor that induces people to move to a new location  
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show the amount of money needed in one country to purchase the same goods and services in another country.  
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show a factor that induces people to move out of their present location  
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show in reference to migration, a law that places a maximum limit on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year.  
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race   show
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show the belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race  
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show a person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism  
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show the maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service  
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show a pattern of settlements in a country that the ?th largest settlement is 1/?th of the largest settlement. Ex. The 5th largest settlement would be 1/5th the size of the largest.  
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recycling   show
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show a process by which financial institutions draw red colored lines on a map and refuse to lend money for people to purchase or improve property within those lines.  
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refugee   show
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relocation diffusion   show
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remanufacturing   show
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remittance   show
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remote sensing   show
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show something produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans  
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rush hour   show
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sanitary landfill   show
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show a flooded field for growing rice. Aka a paddy.  
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show generally, the relationship between the portion of earth being studied and earth as a whole  
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secondary sector   show
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sector model   show
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show the concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves  
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sequent occupance   show
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show the number of males per 100 females in the population  
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show a form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period.  
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show the physical character of a place  
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situation   show
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slash and burn agriculture   show
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smart growth   show
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show ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states  
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show the physical gap or interval between two objects  
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space time compression   show
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spatial association   show
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sprawl   show
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show the spread of an underlying principle even though a specific characteristic is rejected  
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show agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family  
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show a residential or commercial area situated within an urban area but outside the central city  
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show the use of Earth's renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future  
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sustainable development   show
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show a patch of land cleared for planting through slash and burning  
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show the combining of elements of two groups into a new cultural feature  
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show a restriction on behavior imposed by social custom  
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show the systematic use of violence by a group calculated to create an atmosphere of fear and alarm among a population to coerce a government into actions it would not otherwise take  
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tertiary sector   show
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threshold   show
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toponym   show
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total fertility rate (TFR)   show
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transhumance   show
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show a company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located  
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show a person who enters a country without proper documents to do so  
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show dietary energy consumption that is continuously below the minimum requirement for maintaining a healthy life and carrying out light physical activity  
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uneven development   show
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unitary state   show
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show a religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location  
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show in the US, an urban area with between 2,500 and 50,000 inhabitants  
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show an increase in the percentage of and the number of people living in urban settlements  
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show in the US, an urban area with at least 50,000 inhabitants  
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vernacular/perceptual region   show
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vertical integration   show
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voluntary migration   show
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zero population growth (ZPG)   show
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zoning ordinance   show
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superimposed boundary   show
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show Changes that seek to destroy a country from within making the country worse than it was before.  
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MDC stands for....   show
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show Less Developed Country  
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Carrying Capacity   show
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