The respiratory system
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repiratory system | Consists of lungs and air passages.
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Nose | has two openings called nostrils or nares through which air enters
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nasal septum | a wall of cartlidge that divesds the nose into two hollow spaces called nasal cavitites
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nasal cavaties | are lined with a mucous membrane and have a ricjh blood supply
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cilia | tiny, hairlike structures that filtar inhaled air to trap dust and other particles
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Sinuses | are cavities in the skull that surrond the nasel area
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pharynx (throat) | lies direrctly behind the nasal cavitites as air leaves the nose it enters the pharynx
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Larynx (voice box) | lies between the pharynx and trachea. has nine layers of cartlidge
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epiglottis | leaflike piece of cartlidge closes the opening of the larynx during swallowing. prevents foods and liquids from entering the respiratory tract
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trachea (windpipe) | is a tube extending from the larynx to the center of the chest. carries air between the pharynx and the bronchi
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bronchi | near the center of the chest a right bronchus and a left carries air from the trachea to the lunghs
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bronchioles | smallest branches of of the two bronchi
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alveoli | adult lungs have 500 million alveoli made up of one layer of squamous epithelial tissue and contain a rich network of blood capillaries.
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lungs | divisions of of the bronchi and the aveoli are found
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pleura | encloses the lungs
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ventilation | is the process of breathing
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inspiration | is the process of breathing in air
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expiration | is the process of exhaling air
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respiration | the process of inspiration and ventialtion
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external respiration | is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood stream
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internal respiration | the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream
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cellular respirtation | when the cells use the oxygen and nutrientss to prodcue energy water and carbon dioxide
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