S2 Final Exam
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| The CNS refers to? | show 🗑
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| show | glial cells/line cavities of brain & spinal cord/beating of cilia help to circulate cerebrospinal fluid
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| show | Part of schwann cell external to the myelin sheath
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| What is a dendrite? | show 🗑
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| show | ganglia
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| show | fatty material that covers long nerve fibers/whitish
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| show | deep pressure
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| show | connect the motor and sensory neurons in neural pathways
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| show | white matter-consists of dense collections of myelinated fibers gray matter-mostly unmyelinated fibers & cell bodies
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| show | myelinated
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| show | eye and nose
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| show | sodium
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| How does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a polarized neuron differ from the external environment? | show 🗑
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| show | positively charged
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| show | Na; K
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| show | 1. Sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse in. 2. membrane becomes depolarized, K channels open and K diffuse out 3. sodium ions actively transported out, membrane becomes polarized
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| Which is faster? A salutatory conduction on an unmyelinated fiber? | show 🗑
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| show | synapse
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| show | oily secretion that lubricates the eye
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| Tarsal glands are modified ________ glands. | show 🗑
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| show | pinkeye
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| show | above the lateral end of each eye
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| show | enzyme that destroys bacteria
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| show | lines the eyelids & covers part of the outer surface of the eyeball
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| show | sclera
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| show | cornea
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| show | choroid
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| The blind spot where no photoreceptor cells are present is located at the? | show 🗑
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| What is the iris? | show 🗑
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| show | red, blue, green
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| The greatest visual acuity is found at the? | show 🗑
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| show | lens
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| show | men
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| What is vitreous humor? | show 🗑
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| show | ability of the eye to focus specifically for close objects
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| show | reflexive movement of the eyes medially when we view close objects
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| show | no
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| Hormone concentrations in the blood under normal conditions are USUALLY regulated by _________ feedback mechanisms. | show 🗑
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| show | proteins are synthesized in the cell; enzymes are activated or inactivated; plasma membrane permeability changes
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| show | prostaglandins
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| Can steroids catalyze cyclic AMP? | show 🗑
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| The type of endocrine stimulus that involves changing levels of certain blood borne ions and nutrients is called? | show 🗑
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| Where is the pituitary gland located? | show 🗑
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| show | stimulate their target organs to secrete their hormones which in turn exert their effects on other body organs& tissues
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| show | sterility
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| show | growth hormone, prolactin, FSH, LH, ICSH, TSH, ACTH
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| show | lutenizing hormone (LH)
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| show | interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH)
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| show | oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone
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| What is goiter? | show 🗑
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| show | stimulates contractions of the uterine muscle during labor, sexual relations; milk ejection
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| show | antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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| show | diabetes insipidus
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| show | base of the throat, just inferior to the adams apple
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| What are the thyroid hormones? | show 🗑
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| Blood is what type of body tissue? | show 🗑
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| show | leukocytes (WBCs & Platelets)
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| show | scarlet to dull red; thick; metallic; sticky
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| show | clearish, white; 90% water; 7.35-7.45
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| show | 12-18 grams
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| What can lead to anemia? | show 🗑
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| There is an average of _________ WBCs per cubic millimeter of whole blood. | show 🗑
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| Which white blood cells are granulocytes? | show 🗑
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| show | parasitic worms
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| The type of leukocytes that contain large amounts of the vasodilator histamine are ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | monocytes
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| Platelets are fragments of multinucleate cells called ______________________. | show 🗑
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| show | 100-120 days
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| show | reticulocyte
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| What hormone regulates erythrocyte production? | show 🗑
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| show | consists of thick bundles of cardiac muscle twisted and whorled; layer that actually contracts; reinforced by fibrous CT
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| show | superior to the ventricles
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| show | the right side
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| show | oxygen-poor; pulmonary trunk
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| What type of blood is carried by the pulmonary vein? | show 🗑
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| show | 3; ventricle
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| show | coronary arteries
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| show | sinoatrial node (SA node)
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| What is the bradycardia? | show 🗑
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| When is the mitral valve normally closed? | show 🗑
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| During ventricular systole,blood enters the pulmonary trunk and the ______________. | show 🗑
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| The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle with each beat of the heart is called the ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, vena cavae
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| show | both heart rate and cardiac output
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| show | interstitial fluid
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| Lymph flows _________ the heart. | show 🗑
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| The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from the ___________________. | show 🗑
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| What aids lymph return? | show 🗑
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| Describe the structure of a lymph node. | show 🗑
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| Is the appendix a lymph organ? | show 🗑
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| What is the function of the thymus gland? | show 🗑
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| Where are Peyer's patches located? | show 🗑
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| show | no
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| show | body defense
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| What are nonspecific body defenses? | show 🗑
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| show | phagocytes, natural killer cells, inflammatory response, fever, chemical substances
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| show | 1. Redness 2. Heat 3. Swelling 4. Pain
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| After injury, the chemical alarm begins with _______ and ________. | show 🗑
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| What do the chemicals in the inflammatory process do? | show 🗑
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| How do interferons function? | show 🗑
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| The body's temperature regulator is located in the _____________ | show 🗑
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| What effect does fever have on the body? | show 🗑
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| What structures comprise the conducting passageway for the respiratory system? | show 🗑
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| What are the functions of the conducting passageway? | show 🗑
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| show | No
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| show | moves contaminated mucus towards the throat
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| show | palate
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| show | no
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| show | no
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| The auditory tubes open into the? | show 🗑
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| show | pharyngeal tonsils
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| Vibration that results in speech is a function of? | show 🗑
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| show | propel mucus loaded with debris away from the lungs to the throat
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| show | right is shorter, wider, straighter
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| show | left- 2 right- 3 TOTAL=5
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| Does the pleura produce a sticky mucus? | show 🗑
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| What type of epithelial cells comprise the walls of the alveoli? | show 🗑
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| show | coats the gas exposed alveolar surfaces
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| show | breathing: air moving in & out of the lungs
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| show | No
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| show | retro-peritoneal
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| The kidneys are aided in the excretion of fluids by the? | show 🗑
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| Describe the medullary pyramids. | show 🗑
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| What is the correct pathway for arterial blood supply through the kidney? | show 🗑
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| show | closed end of renal tubule that is enlarged, cup shaped, and completely surrounded by the glomerulus
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| How many nephrons are in a kidney? | show 🗑
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| Starting from the glomerular capsule, the correct order of the renal tubule regions is: | show 🗑
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| show | enlarged and cup-shaped
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| Blood pressure within the glomerulus is ____________? | show 🗑
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| Of the capillary beds associated with each nephron, the one that is both fed and drained by arterioles is the _____________. | show 🗑
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| The nonselective, passive process performed by the glomerulus that forms blood plasma without blood proteins is called ___________. | show 🗑
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| What is the pH of urine normally? | show 🗑
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| show | yes
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| show | 1.001-1.035
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| show | no
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| show | use of ultrasound waves to shatter kidney stones
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| The male gonads are the ___________. | show 🗑
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| What is a zygote? | show 🗑
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| show | sperm production
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| show | seminiferous tubules
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| show | interstitial cells of the testis
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| show | 1. epididymic 2. ductus deferens 3. urethra
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| Where is the spermatic cord? | show 🗑
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| Where is the membranous urethra located? | show 🗑
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| show | fructose, chemicals, nutrients, sperm, seminalplasmin
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| show | seminal vesicles
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| show | activates semen
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| show | 7.2-7.6
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| For pregnancy to occur, sperm count must be above? | show 🗑
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| What stage of life does spermatogenesis occur? | show 🗑
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| show | stem cells that go through mitotic divisions that begins sperm formation
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| Follicle stimulating hormone causes spermatogonium to produce? | show 🗑
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| The final outcome of meiosis is how many cells? | show 🗑
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| show | 23
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| Are spermatids functional sperm? | show 🗑
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| The process of spermatogenesis takes how long? | show 🗑
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| show | deepening of voice, hair growth, enlargement of skeletal muscles, increased heaviness of skeleton
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| Where does fertilization normally occur? | show 🗑
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| How long is the journey of the oocyte from the uterine tube to the uterus following ovulation? | show 🗑
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| Describe the fundus of the uterus. | show 🗑
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| What part of the uterus is sloughed off during menses? | show 🗑
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| A vasectomy is performed on a (man/woman)? | show 🗑
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| What are treatments for prostate problems? | show 🗑
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| What hormone is responsible for ovulation? | show 🗑
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| show | 28
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| show | basal layer of endometrium regenerates functional layer, glands formed in it, endometrial blood supply increased
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| show | enlargement of accessory organs, development of breasts, axillary and pubic hair, fat, widening of pelvis, menstrual cycle
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| show | progesterone
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| Mammary glands are modified __________ glands. | show 🗑
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| show | lobules
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| show | every 2 years
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| show | 72
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| What is measured in a woman's urine in a woman's urine to determine if pregnancy has occurred? | show 🗑
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| show | 3 weeks
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| All organ systems are laid down, and the embryo looks human by about which week? | show 🗑
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| show | synapse
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| What is essential for nerve impulse propagation? | show 🗑
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| What structures are considered the "refracting portion" of the eye? | show 🗑
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| show | cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
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| show | lutenizing hormone
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| show | red blood cell (erythrocytes)
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| show | no
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| Do white blood cells initiate the clotting process? | show 🗑
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| In adults, does blood cell formation occur in the shaft of the femur? | show 🗑
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| Type of stem cell that produces all the formed elements EXCEPT lymphocytes are _____________________. | show 🗑
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| Which heart chamber receives blood directly from the four pulmonary veins? | show 🗑
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| Are the pulmonary arteries considered to be part of the systemic circulation? | show 🗑
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| When the ventricles contract the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the left ____________ to the _____________. | show 🗑
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| show | pulmonary arteries/trunk
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| show | closing of the AV valve
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| Are the valves in lymph nodes similar to those found in the veins? | show 🗑
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| show | nasopharynx
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| show | diffusion
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| show | tubule
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| The peritubular capillaries arise from the ___________, which drains the glomerulus. | show 🗑
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| show | yes
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biggreg19
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