Circulatory System
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| What are the 8 primary pulse sites? | RadialBrachialCarotidTemporalFemoralPopliteal Dorsalis PedisAnterior tibial
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| Arteries carry blood _______ from the heart. | away
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| Veins transport blood from peripheral tissues ____ the heart. | to
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| Microcopic blood vessels that have single-celled walls located in the tissues | capillaries
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| Outer lining of the heart | pericardium
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| Middle lining of the heart | myocardium
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| inner-most lining of the heart | endocardium
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| Size of the heart | about the size of a fist
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| Heart weighs | approximately 9 oz
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| what is widest portion of the heart? | top
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| works to move blood from the body to the lungs | right side of the heart
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| pumps blood back from the lungs to the body | left side of the heart
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| structure that seperates the right and left sides of the heart | septum
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| should blood move from the ride side of the heart to the left? | no
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| The route blood takes from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart | Pulmonary circulation
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| the route blood takes from the time it leaves the heart | systemic circulation
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| how does right atrium receive blood? | via the superior and inferior vena cavae
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| how does blood move from the right atrium to the right ventricle? | atrial valve (tricuspid)
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| how does blood get to the lungs? | pulmonary artery
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| how does blood return to the heart? | pulmonary vein
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| where does blood first enter the heart? | right atrium
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| blood passes through the right atrium to the ______. | right ventricle
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| after passing the tricuspid valve blood enters the _________ | right ventricle
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| blood leaves the right ventricle and goes where? | lungs
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| upon returning from lungs the blood enters where? | left atrium
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| What initiates the heartbeat? | SA node
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| Which node is known as the gatekeeper? | AV node
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| What is the final part of the electrical system of the heart? | AV bundle or bundle of HIS
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| What are the 3 phases of the cardiac cycle? | atrial systole, ventricular systole, atrial and ventricular diastole.
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| What is a heart murmur? | valves do not close completely and allow blood to pass back into the atria or ventricles
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| WHat is the heart responsible for? | the movement of blood throught the arterial and vascular system throughout the entire body
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| How many chambers does the heart have? | 4
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| where is the heart located? | left of the midline of chest beneath the sternum
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| WHat are the 4 chambers of the heart? | Right and Left atria and Right and left ventricles
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| Where is the radial pulse found? | lateral wrist
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| Where is the brachial pulse found? | antecubital space of the elbow
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| where is the carotid pulse found? | lateral neck
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| Where is the temporal pulse found | temple area
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| where is the femoral pulse found | in the groin
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| where is the poplitel pulse found? | behind the knee
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| where is the dorsalis pedis pulse found? | upper surface of the foot
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| where is the anterior tibial pulse found? | ankle medial to the Achilles tendon
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| What are veins? | vessels that transport blood from peripheral tissues to the heart
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| Which are used for phlebotomy, veins or arteries? | veins
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| what are capillaries | microscopic blood vessels that have single-celled walls located in the tissues
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| where are capillaries located? | in the tissues
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| what is blood pressure? | the measurement of the force applied to the walls of the arteries
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| What sounds are heard during the measurement of blood pressure? | Korotkoff sounds
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| What is the fluid part of blood | plasma
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| what are the compositions of blood? | erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, plasma
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| how much blood does the average adult have? | 5 liters
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| what is the formation of blood cells called? | hematopoiesis
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| The percentage of blood atrributed to red blood cells is called what? | hematocrit
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| what percentage of the total volume of whole blood is made up of plasma? | 55
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| what are erythrocytes? | red blood cells
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| where are RBC's produced? | bone marrow
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| what is the function of hemoglobin? | to carry oxygen
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| what is a RBC count refering to ? | the number of red blood cells in 1 cubic mm of blood
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| what are leukocytes? | white blood cells
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| what is the function of WBC? | to fight infection
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| what are platelets? | fragments of cells found in the blood stream
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| what is the function of platelets? | control bleeding by forming a blood clot
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| what are the functions of bood? | transportation, defense, and regulation
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| what is hemostasis | stoppage of bleeding
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| how is blood type determined? | by the prescence or absence of two antigens called type A and type B
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| where are the two antigens located? | on the surface of the RBC
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| what are the 4 blood types | A, B, AB, O
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| Which blood type is the universal donor? | O
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| which blood type is the universal recipients? | AB
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| can someone who is B+ receive B- blood? | no
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| Why can't someone who has negative blood receive positive blood? | it causes the blood to clump
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| the lymphatic system is a subsystem of what? | circulatory and immune system
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| what is the lymphatic system's primary responsiblity? | to defend th ebody from foreign invasion by disease-causing agents such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi
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| where is the thymus located? | just above the heart
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| where is the spleen located? | in the upper left portion of the abdominal cavity
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| what is lymph | clear fluid that travels through the body's arteries and circulates through the tissues in order to cleanse them and keep them firm
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| what are the filters along the lymphatic system? | lymph nodes
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| what is the function of the lymph nodes? | to filter out and trap bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and unwanted substances
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| what is CHD? | most common form of heart disease
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| what are the 2 types of CHD? | atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis
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| what is atherosclerosis | narrowing of the lumen of the arteries due to a buildup of fatty material and plaque within the arteries
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| what is arteriosclerosis | thickening and loss of elacity of the arteries
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| what is MI | heart attack, occurs when blood supply to a part of the myocardium is severly reduced or stopped
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| what is CHF | when the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body's other organs
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| can someone who is B+ receive B- blood? | no
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| Why can't someone who has negative blood receive positive blood? | it causes the blood to clump
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| the lymphatic system is a subsystem of what? | circulatory and immune system
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| what is the lymphatic system's primary responsiblity? | to defend th ebody from foreign invasion by disease-causing agents such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi
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| where is the thymus located? | just above the heart
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| where is the spleen located? | in the upper left portion of the abdominal cavity
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| what is lymph | clear fluid that travels through the body's arteries and circulates through the tissues in order to cleanse them and keep them firm
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| what are the filters along the lymphatic system? | lymph nodes
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| what is the function of the lymph nodes? | to filter out and trap bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and unwanted substances
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| what is CHD? | most common form of heart disease
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| what are the 2 types of CHD? | atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis
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| what is atherosclerosis | narrowing of the lumen of the arteries due to a buildup of fatty material and plaque within the arteries
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| what is arteriosclerosis | thickening and loss of elacity of the arteries
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| what is MI | heart attack, occurs when blood supply to a part of the myocardium is severly reduced or stopped
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| what is CHF | when the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body's other organs
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| can someone who is B+ receive B- blood? | no
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| Why can't someone who has negative blood receive positive blood? | it causes the blood to clump
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| the lymphatic system is a subsystem of what? | circulatory and immune system
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| what is the lymphatic system's primary responsiblity? | to defend th ebody from foreign invasion by disease-causing agents such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi
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| where is the thymus located? | just above the heart
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| where is the spleen located? | in the upper left portion of the abdominal cavity
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| what is lymph | clear fluid that travels through the body's arteries and circulates through the tissues in order to cleanse them and keep them firm
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| what are the filters along the lymphatic system? | lymph nodes
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| what is the function of the lymph nodes? | to filter out and trap bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and unwanted substances
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| what is CHD? | most common form of heart disease
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| what are the 2 types of CHD? | atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis
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| what is atherosclerosis | narrowing of the lumen of the arteries due to a buildup of fatty material and plaque within the arteries
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| what is arteriosclerosis | thickening and loss of elacity of the arteries
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| what is MI | heart attack, occurs when blood supply to a part of the myocardium is severly reduced or stopped
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| what is CHF | when the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body's other organs
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| What is an arrhythmia? | irregular heartbeat caused by a disturbance of the normal electrical activity of heart
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| What are the 2 types of arrhythmia? | tachycardia and bradycardia
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| What is carditis? | inflammation of the heart
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| what is thrombophlebitis | occurs when a blood clot causes inflammation in on or more veins
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| what are varicose veins? | gnarled, enlarged veins that are usually dilated and twisted
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| what is anemia? | a condition in which abnormally low numbers of healthy red blood cells circulate in the body
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| what are the types of anemia? | iron deficiencyvitamin deficiencyhemolyticsickle cellaplastic
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| what is leukemia | cancer of the bone marrow and blood involving the uncontrolledd growth of abnormal cells
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| what is aneurysm | abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery related to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel
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| what is CVA | stroke: the blood supply to part of the brain is suddenly interrupted by an occlusion or rupture of a blood vessel
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| what is hypertension | B/P over 140/90; occurs when blood vessels become rigid and constricted
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| what is hypotension | B/P under 90/60; causing inadequate blood flow to the heart and brain and other vital organs
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| what is an electrocardiogram | evaluates electrical activity generated by the heart at rest and with activity
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| What is nuclear imaging? | produces images by detecting radiation from different parts of the body
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| what is an ultrasound | noninvasive tests that use ultrasound or high-frequency sound waves
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| what are radiological tests | noninvasive test using x-rays or computer technology to create pictures of the internal structures of the chest
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| what is an invasive tests | involve inserting catheters into the blood vessels of the heart in order to get a closer look at the coronary arteries or to stimulate and test the electrical system fo the heart
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