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Chapter 25 Circulat
Circulatory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 8 primary pulse sites? | RadialBrachialCarotidTemporalFemoralPopliteal Dorsalis PedisAnterior tibial |
| Arteries carry blood _______ from the heart. | away |
| Veins transport blood from peripheral tissues ____ the heart. | to |
| Microcopic blood vessels that have single-celled walls located in the tissues | capillaries |
| Outer lining of the heart | pericardium |
| Middle lining of the heart | myocardium |
| inner-most lining of the heart | endocardium |
| Size of the heart | about the size of a fist |
| Heart weighs | approximately 9 oz |
| what is widest portion of the heart? | top |
| works to move blood from the body to the lungs | right side of the heart |
| pumps blood back from the lungs to the body | left side of the heart |
| structure that seperates the right and left sides of the heart | septum |
| should blood move from the ride side of the heart to the left? | no |
| The route blood takes from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart | Pulmonary circulation |
| the route blood takes from the time it leaves the heart | systemic circulation |
| how does right atrium receive blood? | via the superior and inferior vena cavae |
| how does blood move from the right atrium to the right ventricle? | atrial valve (tricuspid) |
| how does blood get to the lungs? | pulmonary artery |
| how does blood return to the heart? | pulmonary vein |
| where does blood first enter the heart? | right atrium |
| blood passes through the right atrium to the ______. | right ventricle |
| after passing the tricuspid valve blood enters the _________ | right ventricle |
| blood leaves the right ventricle and goes where? | lungs |
| upon returning from lungs the blood enters where? | left atrium |
| What initiates the heartbeat? | SA node |
| Which node is known as the gatekeeper? | AV node |
| What is the final part of the electrical system of the heart? | AV bundle or bundle of HIS |
| What are the 3 phases of the cardiac cycle? | atrial systole, ventricular systole, atrial and ventricular diastole. |
| What is a heart murmur? | valves do not close completely and allow blood to pass back into the atria or ventricles |
| WHat is the heart responsible for? | the movement of blood throught the arterial and vascular system throughout the entire body |
| How many chambers does the heart have? | 4 |
| where is the heart located? | left of the midline of chest beneath the sternum |
| WHat are the 4 chambers of the heart? | Right and Left atria and Right and left ventricles |
| Where is the radial pulse found? | lateral wrist |
| Where is the brachial pulse found? | antecubital space of the elbow |
| where is the carotid pulse found? | lateral neck |
| Where is the temporal pulse found | temple area |
| where is the femoral pulse found | in the groin |
| where is the poplitel pulse found? | behind the knee |
| where is the dorsalis pedis pulse found? | upper surface of the foot |
| where is the anterior tibial pulse found? | ankle medial to the Achilles tendon |
| What are veins? | vessels that transport blood from peripheral tissues to the heart |
| Which are used for phlebotomy, veins or arteries? | veins |
| what are capillaries | microscopic blood vessels that have single-celled walls located in the tissues |
| where are capillaries located? | in the tissues |
| what is blood pressure? | the measurement of the force applied to the walls of the arteries |
| What sounds are heard during the measurement of blood pressure? | Korotkoff sounds |
| What is the fluid part of blood | plasma |
| what are the compositions of blood? | erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, plasma |
| how much blood does the average adult have? | 5 liters |
| what is the formation of blood cells called? | hematopoiesis |
| The percentage of blood atrributed to red blood cells is called what? | hematocrit |
| what percentage of the total volume of whole blood is made up of plasma? | 55 |
| what are erythrocytes? | red blood cells |
| where are RBC's produced? | bone marrow |
| what is the function of hemoglobin? | to carry oxygen |
| what is a RBC count refering to ? | the number of red blood cells in 1 cubic mm of blood |
| what are leukocytes? | white blood cells |
| what is the function of WBC? | to fight infection |
| what are platelets? | fragments of cells found in the blood stream |
| what is the function of platelets? | control bleeding by forming a blood clot |
| what are the functions of bood? | transportation, defense, and regulation |
| what is hemostasis | stoppage of bleeding |
| how is blood type determined? | by the prescence or absence of two antigens called type A and type B |
| where are the two antigens located? | on the surface of the RBC |
| what are the 4 blood types | A, B, AB, O |
| Which blood type is the universal donor? | O |
| which blood type is the universal recipients? | AB |
| can someone who is B+ receive B- blood? | no |
| Why can't someone who has negative blood receive positive blood? | it causes the blood to clump |
| the lymphatic system is a subsystem of what? | circulatory and immune system |
| what is the lymphatic system's primary responsiblity? | to defend th ebody from foreign invasion by disease-causing agents such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi |
| where is the thymus located? | just above the heart |
| where is the spleen located? | in the upper left portion of the abdominal cavity |
| what is lymph | clear fluid that travels through the body's arteries and circulates through the tissues in order to cleanse them and keep them firm |
| what are the filters along the lymphatic system? | lymph nodes |
| what is the function of the lymph nodes? | to filter out and trap bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and unwanted substances |
| what is CHD? | most common form of heart disease |
| what are the 2 types of CHD? | atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis |
| what is atherosclerosis | narrowing of the lumen of the arteries due to a buildup of fatty material and plaque within the arteries |
| what is arteriosclerosis | thickening and loss of elacity of the arteries |
| what is MI | heart attack, occurs when blood supply to a part of the myocardium is severly reduced or stopped |
| what is CHF | when the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body's other organs |
| can someone who is B+ receive B- blood? | no |
| Why can't someone who has negative blood receive positive blood? | it causes the blood to clump |
| the lymphatic system is a subsystem of what? | circulatory and immune system |
| what is the lymphatic system's primary responsiblity? | to defend th ebody from foreign invasion by disease-causing agents such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi |
| where is the thymus located? | just above the heart |
| where is the spleen located? | in the upper left portion of the abdominal cavity |
| what is lymph | clear fluid that travels through the body's arteries and circulates through the tissues in order to cleanse them and keep them firm |
| what are the filters along the lymphatic system? | lymph nodes |
| what is the function of the lymph nodes? | to filter out and trap bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and unwanted substances |
| what is CHD? | most common form of heart disease |
| what are the 2 types of CHD? | atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis |
| what is atherosclerosis | narrowing of the lumen of the arteries due to a buildup of fatty material and plaque within the arteries |
| what is arteriosclerosis | thickening and loss of elacity of the arteries |
| what is MI | heart attack, occurs when blood supply to a part of the myocardium is severly reduced or stopped |
| what is CHF | when the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body's other organs |
| can someone who is B+ receive B- blood? | no |
| Why can't someone who has negative blood receive positive blood? | it causes the blood to clump |
| the lymphatic system is a subsystem of what? | circulatory and immune system |
| what is the lymphatic system's primary responsiblity? | to defend th ebody from foreign invasion by disease-causing agents such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi |
| where is the thymus located? | just above the heart |
| where is the spleen located? | in the upper left portion of the abdominal cavity |
| what is lymph | clear fluid that travels through the body's arteries and circulates through the tissues in order to cleanse them and keep them firm |
| what are the filters along the lymphatic system? | lymph nodes |
| what is the function of the lymph nodes? | to filter out and trap bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and unwanted substances |
| what is CHD? | most common form of heart disease |
| what are the 2 types of CHD? | atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis |
| what is atherosclerosis | narrowing of the lumen of the arteries due to a buildup of fatty material and plaque within the arteries |
| what is arteriosclerosis | thickening and loss of elacity of the arteries |
| what is MI | heart attack, occurs when blood supply to a part of the myocardium is severly reduced or stopped |
| what is CHF | when the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body's other organs |
| What is an arrhythmia? | irregular heartbeat caused by a disturbance of the normal electrical activity of heart |
| What are the 2 types of arrhythmia? | tachycardia and bradycardia |
| What is carditis? | inflammation of the heart |
| what is thrombophlebitis | occurs when a blood clot causes inflammation in on or more veins |
| what are varicose veins? | gnarled, enlarged veins that are usually dilated and twisted |
| what is anemia? | a condition in which abnormally low numbers of healthy red blood cells circulate in the body |
| what are the types of anemia? | iron deficiencyvitamin deficiencyhemolyticsickle cellaplastic |
| what is leukemia | cancer of the bone marrow and blood involving the uncontrolledd growth of abnormal cells |
| what is aneurysm | abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery related to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel |
| what is CVA | stroke: the blood supply to part of the brain is suddenly interrupted by an occlusion or rupture of a blood vessel |
| what is hypertension | B/P over 140/90; occurs when blood vessels become rigid and constricted |
| what is hypotension | B/P under 90/60; causing inadequate blood flow to the heart and brain and other vital organs |
| what is an electrocardiogram | evaluates electrical activity generated by the heart at rest and with activity |
| What is nuclear imaging? | produces images by detecting radiation from different parts of the body |
| what is an ultrasound | noninvasive tests that use ultrasound or high-frequency sound waves |
| what are radiological tests | noninvasive test using x-rays or computer technology to create pictures of the internal structures of the chest |
| what is an invasive tests | involve inserting catheters into the blood vessels of the heart in order to get a closer look at the coronary arteries or to stimulate and test the electrical system fo the heart |
Created by:
Lisa Barnett
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