Physiology and Pharmacology
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| show | An agent binding to a receptor to stimulate a response
White sympathetic a and b receptors, an agonist can be called
A sympathetic agonist
A sympathomimetic agent
An adrenergic agonist
An adrenoreceptor agonist
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| Direct vs indirect effects | show 🗑
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| How do we know there are different receptors | show 🗑
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| show | Divided receptors into alpha and beta
Decided potency order using isolated and in vivo smooth muscle preparations
Alpha - Noradrenaline> adrenaline > Isoprenaline
Beta - Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
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| Types of receptors in key locations | show 🗑
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| show | Isoprenaline binds solely to beta receptors
Causes a decrease in resistance due to vasodilation
Increase in heart rate due to baroreceptor reflex
Overall decrease in BP
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| Non-selective adrenoreceptor agonists | show 🗑
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| show | Phenylephrine - counter acute hypotension, treat nasal decongestion and cause mydriasis
Xylometazoline - nasal decongestion
Metaraminol - acute hypotension, partially IAS
Vascular and uterine smooth muscle contraction, salivary secretion
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| Selective alpha 2 agonists | show 🗑
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| Selective beta 1 agonists | show 🗑
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| show | Isoprenaline - cardiac stimulant
Salbutamol, terbutaline - short acting bronchodilators
Salmeterol - long acting, preventative
Bronchodilation, vasodilation, especially coronary and skeletal muscle beds, uterine relaxation, glycogenolysis
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| show | First discovered were ergot alkaloids by Dale - ergot poisoning
Includes histamine, ACh, tyramine
Derivatives of lysergic acid - ergotamine and ergometrine
Partial alpha agonist as well as antagonist - stimulate then block
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| Alpha antagonists | show 🗑
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| Main drawback of alpha antagonists | show 🗑
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| Beta antagonists | show 🗑
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