SBGR ALH 165 Urinary II (2012 LS)
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| Efferent arteriole | Delivers blood to peritubular capillaries
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| Juxtaglomerular complex | Specialized cells that secrete rennin when glomerular blood pressure falls
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| Afferent arteriole | Delivers blood from a cortical radiate artery
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| Filtration slits | Narrow gaps between adjacent processes in the glomerulus
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| Podocytes | Large cells with complex processes
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| Obligatory water reabsorption | Recovers 85% of the volume of filtrate produced
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| Facultative water reabsorption | Precisely controls the amount of water reabsorbed
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| Aquaporins | Special water channels caused by ADH
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| Polyuria | Production of excessive amounts of urine
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| Oliguria | Scanty production of urine
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| Renal failure | Occurs when kidneys are unable to perform the excretory functions needed to maintain homeostasis
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| Acute renal failure | Kidney function deteriorates rapidly and may be impaired for weeks
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| Chronic renal failure | Kidney function deteriorates gradually and the associated problems accumulate over time
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| Dialysis | Passive diffusion across a selectively permeable membrane
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| Pyelogram | Image of the urinary system obtained by taking an x-ray of the kidneys after administering a contrast dye intraveneously
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| micturition | another name for urination
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| dysuria | painful or difficult urination
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| pyelonephritis | kidney infection
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| renal calculi | kidney stones
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| minerals | inorganic substances that dissociate in body fluids to form ions called electrolytes
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| acidosis | pH of plasma falls below 7.35
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| alkalemia | pH of plasma rises about 7.45
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| Hemoglobin buffer system | only intracellular buffer system that can have an immedicate effect on the pH of body fluids
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| Metabolic acid-base disorders | results fromt he production or loss of excessive amounts of acids
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| Respiratory acid-base disorders | results from an imbalance between the rate at which CO2 is generated and the rate at which CO2 is eliminated at the lungs
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| Sodium bicarbonate |
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| Acetazolamide sodium |
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| Thiazide |
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| Bumetanide |
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| Spironolactone |
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