The Nutrients
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| compounds in food that the body requires for proper growth, maintenace, and funstioning. | Nutrients | ||||
| too little of one or more nutrients in the diet; a form of malnutrition. | Nutrient Deficiencies | ||||
| the results in the body of poor nutrition; undernutrition, ovenutrition or any nutrient deficiency. | Malnutrition | ||||
| too little food energy or too few nutrients to prevent disease or to promote growth; a form of malnutrition | Undernutrition | ||||
| too much food energy or excess nutrients to the degree of causing disease or increasing risk of disease; a form of malnutrition | Overnutrition | ||||
| Two Servings | Milk, yogurt and cheese group. Meat, fish, dry beans and nuts group. Fruit Group. | ||||
| Three Servings From: | Vegetable group | ||||
| Six Servings From: | bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group. | ||||
| a class of nutrients made of sugars; these nutrients include sugar, starch and fiber. All but fiber provide energy. | Carbohydrates | ||||
| a class of nutrients that does not mix with water. Fat is mostly of fatty acids. which provide energy to the body. | Fat | ||||
| a class of nutrients that builds body tissues and supplies energy. Protein is made of amino acids. | Protein | ||||
| essential nutrients that do not yield energy, but that are required for growth and proper functioning of the body. | Vitamins | ||||
| elements of the earth needed in the diet, which preform many functions in the body tissues. | Minerals | ||||
| the capatirty to do work or produce heat. | Energy | ||||
| the body's blood sugar; a simple form of carbohydrate. | Glucose | ||||
| simple forms of fat that supply energy fuel for most of the body's cells. | fatty acids | ||||
| simple forms of protein normally used to build tissues or, under some conditions, burned for energy | amino acids | ||||
| a poison | toxin | ||||
| units used to measure energy. Calories indicate how much energy in a food can be used by the body or stored in body fat | Calories | ||||
| the form in which the liver and muscles store glucose | glycogen | ||||
| a brain regulatory center. | hypothalamus | ||||
| a meal with foods to provide the right amount of carbohydrates, fat and protein | balanced meal. | ||||
| the breaking down of food into nutrients the body can use. | digestion | ||||
| a carboydrate, the main food energy source of humans | starch | ||||
| indigestable substances in foods, made mostly of carbohydrates. | fiber | ||||
| carbohydrates found both in food and in the body. | sugars | ||||
| hard, slow stools that are difficult to eliminatel often a result of too little fiber in the diet. | constipation | ||||
| swollen, painful rectal veins; often a result of constipation | hemorrhoids | ||||
| the last part of the digestive tract, throught which stools are eliminated | rectum | ||||
| a popular term referring to foods that contribute too much energy (calories) but too little of the nutrients | empty calories | ||||
| concerning fats and helath, those fats associate strongly with heart and artery disease; mainly fats from animal sources | saturated | ||||
| concerning fats and health, fats less associated with heart amnd arety disease, mainly fats from plant sources | unsaturated | ||||
| a type of unsaturated fat, useful as a replacement for saturated fat in a heart-healthy diet. | polyunsaturated | ||||
| a type of fat made by the body from saturated fat; minor part of fat in foods | cholesterol | ||||
| units of weight in which nutrients are measured | grams | ||||
| amino acids that are needed but cannot be made by the body, must be eaten in foods | essential amino acids | ||||
| people who omit meat, fish, poultry for their diets | vegetarians | ||||
| a pill, powder, liquid or the like containing oly nutrients not food | suppplement | ||||
| too little of a nutrient in the body, Severe deficiences cause diseases | deficiency | ||||
| a chemist's team meaning "able to dissolve in fat" | fat-soluble | ||||
| able to dissolve in water | water-soluble | ||||
| slow recovery of vision after flashes of bright light at night. Vitamin A deficiency. | night blindness | ||||
| a chemical that can stop the destructive chain reactions of free radicals. | Antioxidant | ||||
| an orange vegetable pigment that the body can change into active form of vitamin A. | beta-carotene | ||||
| chemicals that harm the body's tissues by starting destructive chain reactions in the molecules of the body's cells. | free radicals | ||||
| a disease of gradual bone loss. which can cripple people later in life. | Osteoporosis | ||||
| reduced number or size of the red blood clls | anemia | ||||
| minerals essential in nutrition, needed in small amounts daily. Iron and Zinc are examples | electrolytes | ||||
| a compound made of minerals that in water dissolve and form electrolytes | salt | ||||
| high blood pressure | hypertension | ||||
| fluid wastes removed from the body by the kidneys | urine |
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Created by:
phillisrussell