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| Which problem with cotton did Eli Whitney solve by inventing the cotton gin? | Removing seeds from the cotton was a slow and painstaking task, but Whitney made it much easier and less labor intensive
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| How did the ideals represented by the cult of domesticity differ from feminine ideals of the eighteenth century? | They represented a shift into a purely private world, dominated by the family and emotion.
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| Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau were two prominent members of | the transcendentalist movement.
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| What is the role of Joseph Smith in the Mormon religion? | prophet who, though divine intervention, received the Book of Mormon
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| The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was | textiles.
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| Which of the following helped to increase the visibility and power of the Catholic Church in America in the mid-nineteenth century? | the dramatic increase in the number of Irish-Catholic immigrants
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| Which of the following describes the experience of the “mill girls”? | They were required to live in closely supervised boardinghouses.
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| Which statement is true about the difference between farming in the Old Northwest and the Northeast? | Farming was done on a much bigger scale in the Old Northwest.
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| Which geographic area was the first to adopt an industrial system of manufacturing? | New England
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| During the first half of the nineteenth century, free black Americans | could not, under federal law, obtain public land.
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| In the 1840s, nativists blamed immigrants for | urban crime and political corruption.
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| Which group represents the typical pattern of western migration between 1790 and 1840? | groups who helped one another clear land, put up buildings, and establish communities
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| Which statement is true about the Second Seminole War of 1835–1842? | Seminoles and African-Americans fought together.
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| Which of the following characterizes the practice of politics in America during the Age of Jackson? | a mass spectacle that served as a kind of public entertainment
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| What triggered the Panic of 1837? | Jackson’s war on the national bank
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| The U.S. Supreme Court’s 1832 Worcester v. Georgia decision | supported the right of the Cherokee people to maintain a separate political identity.
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| What were Spain’s only remaining American colonies in 1825? | Puerto Rico and Cuba
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| The nullification crisis | involved the fears of some slaveholders that the federal government might act against slavery.
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| What issue was argued during the Webster-Hayne debate? | a state’s right to nullify a federal law
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| Which of the following characterizes the practice of politics in America during the Age of Jackson? | a mass spectacle that served as a kind of public entertainment
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| Which statement is true about the Whigs? | Whigs were strongest in the Northeast.
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| What was the significance of the controversy over Peggy Eaton? | It solidified Martin Van Buren’s position as Jackson’s closest adviser.
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| In the early to mid-nineteenth century, property qualifications for voting | continued in Virginia because large-scale slaveholders dominated the state’s politics
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| Both Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams suggested that the Missouri controversy of 1820–1821 | revealed a sectional divide that potentially threatened the Union.
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| The term “Lords of the Loom” refers to | early New England factory owners.
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| Urban slaves | most often were servants, cooks, and other domestic servants.
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| Where did the task labor system originate from? |
It was a holdover from the colonial period.
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| What resulted from the sexual exploitation of slave women? | Some wives of plantation owners resented when this happened and then punished slaves.
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| Harriet Tubman | was a fugitive slave who risked her life many times to bring others out of slavery.
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| The Brer Rabbit stories of slave folklore | celebrated how the weak could outsmart the more powerful.
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| Frederick Douglass argued that | in desiring freedom, slaves were truer to the nation’s founding than were most white Americans.
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| The proslavery argument that slavery made economic independence among whites possible | was widely accepted by southern whites.
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| What economic effect did southern slavery have on the North? | Southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the North.
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| On what grounds did the Supreme Court decide in favor of the slaves on the Amistad? | They had been brought from Africa in violation of the international ban on the slave trade.
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| John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh | agreed that slavery was not a necessary evil but something actually positive and good.
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| What was the significance of the novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin? |
It portrayed slaves as sympathetic and Fully human characters.
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| How did the views of William Lloyd Garrison differ from those of Frederick Douglass? | Garrison described the Constitution as an evil document.
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| Burned-over districts were | in New York and Ohio, where intense revivals occurred.
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| What colonial-era approach did institutions such as orphanages and poorhouses replace? | community- and family-based care for those in need
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| How did Shaker communities differ from most other religions? | All members of the community practiced celibacy
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| The reform communities established in the years before the Civil War |
set out to reorganize society on a cooperative basis.
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| Advocates for building asylums, prisons, poorhouses, and orphanages | believed that social ills once considered incurable could in fact be eliminated.
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| Which statement is true regarding women in the abolition movement? | Much of the abolition movement’s grassroots strength derived from northern women.
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| What was the source of the term “utopia” as applied to utopian communities in America in the nineteenth century? | a sixteenth-century novel by Thomas More
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| What contribution did Sojourner Truth make to the women’s rights movement? | She urged a focus on the plight of poor and working-class women.
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| What was the most common means of acquiring slaves to work on newly established cotton plantations in the Lower South | purchasing them at auctions in cities such as Mobile, Natchez, and New Orleans
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| What best describes the *individualism* of the market revolution era? | Americans were sovereign individuals who had the right to privacy
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| What was the biggest motivating factor in moving westward in the 1820s and 1830s? | People sought to acquire cheap land
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| Which event led to the establishment of the African Methodist Episcopal Church? | Richard Allen was forcibly removed from praying at the alter rail at his former place of worship
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| Which of the following describes the role of cotton in the U.S market revolution? | Slavery expanded dramatically in the South
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| What modern example fulfills the goals of the Workingmen's Parties? | Congress raising the federal minimum wage
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| As president, John Tyler | vetoed a bill to create a new national bank, thus angering Whigs.
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| Which political quality did Andrew Jackson and George Washington share? | an appeal to voters based at least partly on a history of military leadership
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| In its decision in the MCulloch v. Maryland, the U.S Supreme Court ruled that | the Second Bank of the United States was constitutional
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| What position did Andrew Jackson take during the nullification crisis | States did not have the right to secede and threaten the rest of the union
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| What is true about race in the mid-nineteenth century United States | Race replaced class as the boundary between men who enjoyed political freedom and those who did not
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| What did critics of the John Quincy Adams presidency accuse him of | leading the federal government to overstep the bounds of what was constitutionally allowed
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| What does the period from the Era of Good Feelings indicate about American politics in the nineteenth century | Single-party rule did not result in the easing of sectional rivalries
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| What would have been an accurate assessment of the Monroe Doctrine at the time? | The United States had battle plans drawn to attack Europe to prevent further colonization
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| Why was Henry Clay charged with orchestrating a corrupt bargain during the 1824 election | He cast his vote for Adams in the presidential election in return for a cabinet post
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| Which of the following statements about slavery and the law is true | Slaves accused of serious crimes were entitled to their day in court, although they faced all-white judges and juries.
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| In the decades before the Civil War, the northern states | financed industrial development with money earned in the trade of cotton produced by slave labor
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| Free blacks in the United States | sometimes became wealthy enough to own slaves
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| Slave cultures | were semi independent and centered on family and church
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| Which statement is true about slave families? | Slave families were in constant danger of being broken apart by the slave owners through the sale of family members
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| Most white southern farmers were | self-sufficient
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| Andrew Johnson of Tennessee and Joseph Brown of Georgia rose to political power | as self-proclaimed spokesmen of the common man against the great planters
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| Which is true of plantation owners in the nineteenth century | They insisted that slavery was required in order for whites to be truly free
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| Jumping over a broomstick was a ceremony celebrating | a slave marriage
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| How did abolitionist portray those working in northern factories | as the embodiment of freedom
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| Which statement is true of the temperance movement | The American Temperance Society hoped to stop Americans from consuming alcohol altogether
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| The death of Elijah Lovejoy in 1837 | led Congress to adopt the gag rule to prevent the sort of heated arguments that caused his death
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| Angelina and Sarah Grimke | supported Catherine Beecher's efforts to expand political and social rights for women
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| Which was the goal of education in the New Harmony community | train children to place the common good above their own desires
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| In his speech about the Fourth of July, how did Frederick Douglass critique the founding of the United States | The American Revolution was a good starting point for principles of freedom.
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| How did the Second Great Awakening influence American society | It inspired some to combat the sins of society, such as alcoholism
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| Which statements is true about black abolitionists | Many formerly enslaved people published accounts of their lives in bondage, which together convinced thousands of northerners of the immorality of slavery
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| Which statement is true about the mid nineteenth century phenomenon known as the cult of domesticity | White men moved freely between public and private spheres, women were expected tp remain within the private domestic realm.
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| What holy cult did the French writer Alexis de Tocqueville identify in the Americas in the 1830s | the holy cult of freedom
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| Which best describes the individualism of the market revolution era | Americans were sovereign individuals who had the right to privacy
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| Which statement about corporations was true in the first half of the mid nineteenth century | Corporations were able to rise far more capital than the traditional forms of enterprise
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| Which improvements most dramatically increased the speed and lowered the expense of commerce in the first half of the nineteenth century | canals and steamboats
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| Which of the following was a focus of the transcendentalist movement | freeing the individual from social constraints
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| America's first commercial railroad was the | Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
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| What was the significance of Robert Fulton | His work designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible
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| What is true about the Lowell mill girls | Many valued the opportunity to earn money independently
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| The American System | proposed providing federal financing of internal improvements such as roads and canals
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| During Andrew Jackson's presidency, what occurred in the financial realm | The national government debt was eliminated
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| Under the Missouri Compromise of 1820. |
the remaining Louisiana Purchase territory was divided into slave and free zones.
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| What is the significance of Andrew Jackson's actions during the Bank War? |
His strong stance cemented his reputation as the symbolic representative of the common people.
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| Which of the following was used as a justification for excluding women and blacks from voting during the Age of Jackson? | Both of these types of people lacked the necessary intellectual capacity to be voters
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| Which was the result of the Panic of 1819 | some states suspended debt collections
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| Why was slavery called a peculiar institution of the South | it set the south apart from the north
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| The end of slavery in most Latin American nations | involved gradual emancipation accompanied by recognition of owners' legal rights to slave property
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| Which statement is true about Harriet Tubman | Tubman rescued about 75 people from slavery
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| Denmark Vesey's conspiracy | reflected a combination of American and African influences
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| Which was the only significantly large city in the Cotton Kingdom in 1860? | New Orleans
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| In his speech about the Fourth of July, how did Frederick Douglass critique the founding of the United States? | The American Revolution was a good starting point for principles of freedom
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| The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 | established equal rights as the basis of the early women's rights movement
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| According to Alexis de Tocqueville, what were the most important institutions for organizing Americans | voluntary associations
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| The North Carolina-born free black whose An Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World won widespread attention was | David Walker
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| What did reformers commonly believe about prisons and asylums | That they could rehabilitate individuals and then release them back into society
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| Which is true of the Second Great Awakening | Its religious ideals complemented the secular focus on self reliance and self improvement
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| What was culturally expected of a white middle-class woman in the period from 1800 to 1840? | She would find fulfillment by focusing her energies on her family and home
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| How did Mormonism challenge societal norms | The Mormons came to endorse the doctrine of polygamy
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| The German triangle in the mid nineteenth century referred to | Cincinnati, St. Louis and Milwaukee- cities with large German populations
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| What caused the Panic of 1819 | a decline in the European market for American farm products
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| In his Cherokee Nation v. Georgia opinion, Chief Justice John Marshall stated that | Indians were wards of the federal government
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| What name is given to the sharp increase in printing and the availability of printed material in the 1830s? | Information Revolution
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| How did Latin American republics established between 1810 and 1822 differ from the United States? | Latin American constitutions extended the right to vote to Indians and free blacks
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| In what way did slave families differ from those of their white masters | Slaves did not think it appropriate to marry first cousins
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| Frederick Douglass | argued that knowledge was essential to achieving freedom from slavery
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| Which of the following statements about religious life among African-Americans in southern cities is true? | Urban free blacks sometimes formed their own churches
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| In the South, paternalist ethos | reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him.
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| Which of the following was pioneered by abolitionist societies | fundraising through charity fairs
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| Which of the following did Horace Mann NOT propose as a goal of public schools? | create racial equality
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| How did the Catholic viewpoint differ from the Protestant viewpoint in the first half of the nineteenth century? | Catholics viewed sin as an inescapable part of human society
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| Which is true of the "colonization" of freed slaves before 1830? | Some African Americans emigrated to Liberia to enjoy rights they did not have in America
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| The new breed of abolitionist that arose in the 1830s | called for immediate abolition of slavery and equal rights for all African-Americans
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| The Second Great Awakening | promoted the belief that individuals were free to shape their own spiritual desires
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| What was a factor in the nation's acquisition of Florida from Spain | Andrew Jackson led an army to invade Florida, subsequently killing British traders
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| The Second Bank of the United States was created | by Congress in 1816, with the support of President Madison
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| When considering slavery's geographic extent, the numbers held in bondage, and the institution's economic importance, what was the largest and most powerful slave society the modern world has known? | the U.S South
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| In 1855. an enslaved woman in Missouri named Celia killed her enslaver while resisting his sexual assault. State law deemed "any woman" in such circumstances to be acting in self-defense. The court | sentenced Celia to death because she was property in the eyes of the law, and thus not legally a
"woman."
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| Which is true of the role of slaves in the southern economy | By 1860, a significant number worked in industrial settings
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| What was the significance of the planter class in antebellum Southern society | Their values and goals dominated Southern life
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| The Oneida community | controlled which of its members would be allowed to reproduce
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| Which is true of the efforts of the Colonization Society | They were scorned and opposed by most free African Americans
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