Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or

show password
Forgot Password?

Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or

Username is available taken
show password

Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.

Cerebral Palsy

        Help!  

Question
Answer
show A clinical set of static encephalopathies linked by their expression of variable disabilities of movement/posture (*Not progressive)  
🗑
show The concept that the brain has a limited number of ways of expressing itself (phenotype) when something goes wrong  
🗑
Common neurologic phenotypes   show
🗑
show 1. Cortical 2. Basal ganglia 3. Cerebellum 4. Long tracts 5. Anterior horn cells 5. Spinal cord 6. Peripheral nerves 7. muscles  
🗑
show 1. MR 2. Epilepsy 3. Behavioral changes 4. Movement disorders  
🗑
show Uncommon, prevalence 2/1000  
🗑
show 86/1000  
🗑
Cases of CP in term infants   show
🗑
show has not decreased despite decades of improvement in prenatal/perinatal care  
🗑
show Spastic quadraparesis (6%), Spastic diplegia (44%), Spastic monoplegia/hemiplagia (33%), ataxic/dyskinetic (12%)  
🗑
show Only type associated with asphyxia in term infants (6%)  
🗑
Spastic diplegia   show
🗑
show A single limb is affected, not associated with asphyxia (33%)  
🗑
show more discordinated movements, around 26 weeks HEI  
🗑
show 20% prenatal, 35% prenatal and perinatal, 35% perinatal, 10% postnatal *Can acquire CP at any point in life  
🗑
show Can identify etiology 75% of time (10% prenatal, 605 perinatal/neonatal, 30% not clear)  
🗑
CP Etiology: Term infants   show
🗑
show 70% of time, with only 20% being "medically preventable"  
🗑
show 30% of the time, with only 6-10% being "medically preventable"  
🗑
show 4  
🗑
Why is the pattern of CP seen in premature infants notably different than that seen in term babies?   show
🗑
Premature viability is now seen at...   show
🗑
Cerebellar anomalies...   show
🗑
show -A developmental disruption, -<1000g <26 weeks -Enlargement of posterior ventricles  
🗑
show 1. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy 2. Genetic syndromes 3. Chromosome anomalies 4. MCA without unifying diagnosis 5. Cerebral dysgenesis 6. Teratogenic 7. Metabolic disorders 8. Coagulopathies 9. Trauma 10. Slowly progressive neuromotor disorders  
🗑
HIE   show
🗑
HIE must be associated with all 3 of the following perinatal events:   show
🗑
show 1. Defined as decreased APGAR's, fetal acidosis or both 2. Occurs in only 20% of all cases of CP (motor dysfunctions)  
🗑
Asphyxia can occur...   show
🗑
Neonatal Neurologic Syndrome   show
🗑
Neonatal neurologic syndrome (birth to 12 hours)   show
🗑
show 1. Stupor or coma 2. Respiratory arrest 3. Brainstem oculomotor and pupillary disturbances 4. Catastrophic deterioration with intraventricular hemorrhage (premature)  
🗑
NNS >72 hours   show
🗑
NNS, when associated with clinically significant encephalopathy...   show
🗑
Multi-organ system dysfunction   show
🗑
show 1. Evidence of fetal distress 2. Depression at birth 3. Neonatal Neurologic syndrome  
🗑
show already compromised fetus  
🗑
show Macrocrania without megalencephaly - Increased sizes of fluid filled spaces in the brain - subtle markers of cerebral dysgenesis - hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis  
🗑
Sotos syndrome: Secondary CNS changes   show
🗑
Etiology of CP   show
🗑
Rett Syndrome: Expanded phenotype/females   show
🗑
Rett Syndrome: Expanded phenotype/ males   show
🗑
show ARX mutations (esp. if infantile spasms) gene sequencing  
🗑
ARX mutations... phenotype spectrum   show
🗑
show fibroblast karyotype if the lymphocytic karyotype is normal  
🗑
Minor malformations are common in what % of CP...   show
🗑
show minor malformations  
🗑
show 1. Fetal malformations, 2. Maternal MR, 3. Low Birth weight  
🗑
Subtle markers of Cerebral Dysgenesis   show
🗑
show 1. Serum 2. Urine  
🗑
show Common: Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin (factor 2), hperhomocysteinemia, MTHFR Rare: Protein S or C deficiency, Abnormal antithrombin III, Dysfibrinoginemia... May account for 70-80% of all pathologic thrombi  
🗑
Coagulopathies: Clear relationship between hemiplegic CP and...   show
🗑
Full coagulopathy workup if neuroimagining indications of   show
🗑
Associated with increased incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes...   show
🗑
For coagulopathies, test...   show
🗑
show 1. Shaken infant 2. Spinal cord injury  
🗑
Etiology of CP: Progressive neuromuscular disease   show
🗑
show Several CP Genes recently identified by linkage but there is currently no clinical testing available  
🗑
Proposed work-up for CP: (3 tiers) First...   show
🗑
show 1. Karyotype 2. CGH 3. MECP-2 gene testing 4. Coagulopathy panel 5. Metabolic screening 6. Infectious titers **First two tiers give an 80% diagnostic yield***  
🗑
Proposed work-up for CP (3 tiers) Third...   show
🗑
Diagnosis a disorder based on...   show
🗑
show Genotype!  
🗑


   

Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
 
To hide a column, click on the column name.
 
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
 
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
 
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.

 
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how
Created by: KChatham
Popular Genetics sets