Anatomy and Physiology 1
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| Anatomy | the study of the structures of the body
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| Physiology | the study of the functions of the structures of the body
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| Root | the basic structure on which the word is built
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| Prefix | a descriptive term placed before the root
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| Suffix | a descriptive term placed after the root
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| Dis-ease | not at ease; a condition in which the body fails to function normally
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| Signs | a more definitive, objective (measurable), obvious indications of dysfunction Blood pressure, body temperature, respiratory rate
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| Symptoms | the individual’s more subjective perceptions, more difficult to measure consistently Pain, headache, tingling, numbness
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| Syndrome | a specific grouping of signs and symptoms
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| Diagnosis | an identification of a disease determined by studying the patient’s signs, symptoms, history, and results of diagnostic tests; putting a name to a group of signs and symptoms
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| Assessment | the gathering of information to determine an appropriate treatment
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| Anatomical position | standing erect, face forward, feet parallel, arms hanging at the side, palms facing
forward
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| Supine position | face upward
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| Prone position | face downward
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| High Fowler’s position | sitting with a 90 degree angle at the hips
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| Semi-Fowler’s position | semi-sitting position with the head elevated and less than 90 degrees at hips Sim’s
position – beginning prone, bend one knee laterally, bring the ipsilateral arm out and upward, and turn
the head toward the ipsilateral side
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| Trendelenburg position | the head is positioned lower than the feet
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| Right upper quadrant | liver, right kidney, colon pancreas, gallbladder
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| Right lower quadrant | colon small intestine, major artery/vein to right leg, ureter, appendix
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| Left upper quadrant | liver, spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas
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| Left lower quadrant | colon small intestine, major artery/vein to left leg, ureter
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| Midline area | aorta, pancreas, small intestine, bladder, spine
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