Behavioral Medicine
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| coping style: more passive style, avoid unpleasant feelings, aim is palliative, methods of prayer, distraction/preoccupy mind, belief in God | emotion focused
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| coping style: active, attempts to reduce distress by changing the situation, obtaining information, methods of determination, self education and self discipline | problem focused
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| gender differences in coping styles | males used fewer numbers of coping methods, males used fewer emotion focused methods, males reported more self-management "success" stories
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| coping style of whites/non-Latino | used more problem focused methods
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| coping style of African Americans | used more emotion focused methods
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| difference found in self management success between races | no difference, however as use of problem focused methods increased so did diabetic control
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| necessary coping skills | realistic expectations, proactive efforts, request help, handle strong emotions, participate, live in the present, value what is good
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| factors that affect chronic illness adjustment | severity of the illness, social support, financial/socioeconomics, mental health/personality of patient prior to illness, prior experience with chronic illness
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| stages of chronic illness | crisis, isolation, anger, reconstruction, intermittent depression, renewal
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| general adaptation syndrome to stress | alarm phase, resistance phase, exhaustion phase
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| the stress response alarm phase results in __ | increased heart rate, elevation of BP, increased respiratory rate, mibilization of energy to muscle, shut down "non-essential" functions
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| the stress response resistance phase long term effects | chronic secretion of stres hormones leads to: susceptibility to infection, increased risk for multiple illnesses/disorders, emotional distress
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| on the social readjustment rating scale getting married was __ points | 50
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| on the social readjustment rating scale getting divorced was __ points | 85
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| on the social readjustment rating scale death of a spouse was __ points | 100
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| life changing events are associated with __ | heart disease, fractures, childhood leukemia, performance deficits, acute schizophrenia, depression and suicide
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| effect of adrenaline | releases sugars and increases heart rate
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| effect of norepinephrine | increases blood pressure and heart rate
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| effect of cortisol | regualtes blood pressure and body use of proteins, carbs and fat
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| chronic stress may shorten a person's life expectancy by __ years | 15-20
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| chronic stress stimulates __ cravings | sweet
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| sleep deprivation is associated with | slowed healing, decreased pain tolerance, increase susceptibility to infection, increased apathy, fatigue and poor judgment
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| HALT stands for | Hungry, angry, lonely, tired
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| stress tip-attend to basics consists of | exercise, nutrition, adequate sleep, moderated alcohol and caffeine consumption
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| stress tip--practice the relaxation response consists of | focus on one thing (breathing), be non-judgmental regarding wandering mind, regular time and place to practice
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| stress tip--be in the present consists of | mindfulness, use five senses, cue controlled relaxation
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| stress tip--breathing consists of | you really don't know?
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| stress tip--optimize social support consists of | friendships, church/synagogue/mosque, significant others, support groups
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| __ more potent indicator of cardiovascular outcomes than job stress for women | marital stress
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| good __ help fend of heart disease, arthritis, and other illnesses by reducing harmful inflammation | relationships
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| stress tip--be a fundamentalist consists of | schedule something for fun at least once a week
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| stress tip--use music therapeutically helps to __ | reduce anxiety, lower heart rate, decrease bp, reduce pain, improve mood, facilitate concentration and memory
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| stress tip--journal writing | writing about experiences and associated emotions for as little as 15 minutes over 3 days bring about robust health improvements. Improved immune function, mood, kidney function and reduced physician visists
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| stress tip--be a positive thinker | thoughts create feelinds, identify self-dialogue, strengthen rational voice, practice positive imaging
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| belief that bad events will last a long time, catastrophize, undermining of self, bad events are the fault of someone | pessimism
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| belief that bad events are just a temporary setback, positive take on reality, defeat is not my fault, unfazed by defeat | optimism
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| predictors of successful aging | optimism, ability to postpone gratification, altruism, future-mindedness, humor
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| stress tip--spend time in nature | go outside (ground breaking stuff!)
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| stress tip--humor | I would try to put something funny here but I just don't think it would be appropriate, we are trying to learn here!
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| stress tip--develop a sense of purpose | what is really important, the greater the sense of purpose the lower the levels of harmful stress hormones and harmful protein in our bodies
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| ecclesiogenic depression | depression related to religious beliefs, harsh religious beliefs may be harmful to individuals
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| what are the 12 stress reduction tips | basics, relaxation response, breath, mindfulness, social support, fun, music, journal, be positive, nature, humor, perspective
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