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Introduction to Maps

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
show The branch of geography that studies how human activity affects or is influenced by Earth's surface  
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Globalization   show
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Sustainability   show
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Gender   show
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Global citizen   show
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Culture   show
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Infrastructure   show
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show A two-dimensional (flat) representation of a geographic area or place  
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show A person who makes maps  
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Data aggregation   show
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Spatial perspective   show
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Spatial patterns   show
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Time-distance decay   show
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show Graphic elements that help organize the information in a map, such as (but not limited to) dots, stars, arrows, squares, and dotted lines  
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show A key to the meaning of the symbols and colors on a map  
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show A drawing, usually found on the edge of a map, showing the four cardinal directions (north, south, east, and west) and the map's orientation  
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show Corresponds to the direction on a compass: north, south, east, west, and combinations such as northeast and southwest  
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Map scale   show
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Scale   show
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Absolute distance   show
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Relative distance   show
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Relative direction   show
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show Distance above sea level  
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Isoline   show
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Topographic map   show
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show A map that shows geographic locations on Earth's surface, such as the location of cities or oceans  
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show A map that emphasizes the spatial patterns of geographic statistics or attributes, and sometimes the relationships between them  
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Choropleth map   show
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show A map that distorts the geographic shape of an area in order to show the size of a specific variable; the larger the area on a cartogram, the larger the value of the underlying variable  
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show A map that uses symbols (such as circles or dots) of difference sizes to represent numerical values  
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Dot density or Dot distribution map   show
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show A method for representing the surface of Earth or a celestial sphere on a plane (two-dimensional) surface; all map projections distort some aspect of Earth's surface  
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show A map projection that is useful for navigation because the lines connecting points on the map represent the true compass direction; however, landmasses become increasingly distorted the farther away they are from the equator  
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Peters projection   show
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show A map projection that avoid shape distortion and the restrictions of a rectangular map by creating "interruptions" in the maps continuity; in each section, map projection regions are shown "equally", like an orange peel being laid out on a flat surface  
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Polar projection   show
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Robinson projection   show
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Census   show
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show Learning and doing research involving first-hand experience, which takes pace outside the classroom setting  
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show A precise position on Earth's surface  
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show The invisible horizontal likes circling Earth parallel to the equator; latitude is the degree of distance north or south from the equator, which is at 0 degrees, as far as the poles, which are at 90 degrees  
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show The invisible vertical lines on Earth's surface that mark imaginary circles connecting the North Pole with the South Pole  
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show The zero-degree longitude line that runs through Greenwich, England; also known as the Greenwich Meridian  
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show A system of 24 satellites that orbit Earth twice daily and transmit radio signals Earthward; the basis for many map-based apps that provide directions on how to get from one place to another  
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show A software application for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth's surface; allows the rapid manipulation of geospatial data for problem-solving and research  
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show The scanning of Earth by satellite or high-flying aircraft in order to obtain information about it  
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Aerial photgraphy   show
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Satellite imagery   show
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show The position of one place (or person) in relation to the position of another place (or person)  
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Space   show
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show How we modify space based on who we are as a group of people  
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Cultural landscape   show
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show The decreasing distance between places, as measured by travel time or cost; often summarized by the phrase "the world is shrinking"  
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show The ties established between regions and countries that over time collectively create a global economic system that is not necessarily based on equality  
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show The physical and human forces that work together to form and transform the world  
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show The pattern by which a phenomenon such as the movement of people, or their ideas, technologies, or preferences, spreads from a particular location through space and time  
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show Occurs when the same or a very similar innovation is developed at the same time in different places by different people working independently  
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Expansion diffusion   show
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Hierarchical diffusion   show
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show Occurs when ideas leapfrog from a lower level of a hierarchy to a higher level  
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show The wavelike spread of ideas in the manner of a contagious disease or forest fire, moving throughout space without regard for hierarchy  
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Stimulus diffusion   show
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show Occurs when individuals or groups with a particular idea or practice migrate from one location to another, thereby bringing the idea or practice to their new homeland  
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show The inhibiting effect of distance on the intensity and volume of most forms of human interaction; time-space compression diminishes friction of distance  
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show A biological science concerned with studying the complex relationships among living organisms and their physical environments  
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show The study of the interactions between societies and their local environments  
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show A territorially bounded system consisting of the interaction between humans and the environment  
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Environmental perception   show
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show A physical danger present in the environment, such as a flood, hurricane, volcanic eruption, and earthquake  
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show A huge ocean wave produced by the displacement of a large volume of water, often caused by an earthquake  
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Natural resources   show
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show Natural resources that are available on Earth in finite quantities and will eventually be used up  
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show Natural resources that Earth will naturally replenish over time  
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show Compound in the atmosphere from fossil-fuel combustion, such as carbon dioxide, that absorb and trap heat energy close to Earth's surface  
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show The global warming trend caused by rising levels of carbon dioxide  
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Environmental determinism   show
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show The belief that any physical environment offers a number of possible ways for a society to develop and that humans can find ways to overcome environmental challenges  
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show Geographic scale that looks at geographic phenomena across the entire world  
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show Geographic scale that identifies and analyzes geographic phenomena within a particular region  
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show Geographic scale that identifies and analyzes geographic phenomena within a specific country  
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Local scale analysis   show
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show Geographic perspective that acknowledges the two-way relationship between local communities and global patterns, emphasizing that the forces of globalization need to take into account local-scale cultural, economic , and environmental conditions  
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show A geographical unit based on one or more common characteristics or functions  
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Formal region   show
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Border zone   show
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show A geographic area that has been organized to function politically, socially, culturally, or economically as one unit  
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show Central points where the functions of a functional region are coordinated and directed  
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Metropolitan area   show
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show A geographic rea that is perceived to exist by its inhabitants, based on the widespread acceptance and use of a unique regional name  
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Mental map   show
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Sense of place   show
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Activity space   show
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Regional identity   show
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show Boundaries that are disputed for religious, political, or cultural reasons  
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show The process of examining patterns and processes within and between regions at multiple geographic scales (local, national, regional, and global)  
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