Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care: Long-Term Care and Home Care, 4th Edition
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| mental health | a general term that refers to the normal functioning of emotional and intellectual abilities.
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| mental health disorders | a disorder that affects a person’s ability to function and often causes inappropriate behavior; confusion, disorientation, agitation, and anxiety are common symptoms.
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| situation response | a temporary condition that has symptoms like those of a mental health disorder
possible causes: personal crisis, temporary physical changes in the brain, side effects from medications, interactions among medications, & severe changes in the environment
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| fallacy | a false belief.
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| defense mechanisms | unconscious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress.
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| anxiety | uneasiness, worry, or fear, often about a situation or condition.
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| generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) | an anxiety disorder that is characterized by chronic anxiety and worry, even when there is no cause for these feelings.
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| panic disorder | a disorder characterized by a person having regular panic attacks or living with constant anxiety about having another attack.
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| social anxiety disorder | a disorder in which a person has excessive anxiety about social situations.
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| phobia | an intense, irrational fear of or anxiety about an object, place, or situation.
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| obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | a disorder characterized by recurring intrusive behavior or thoughts that cause anxiety or stress.
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| posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | a disorder caused by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic experience.
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| major depressive disorder or depression | a type of mood disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite, as well as other symptoms; also called clinical depression or depression.
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| apathy | a lack of interest in activities.
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| bipolar disorder | a type of mental health disorder that causes a person to swing from periods of deep depression (a depressive episode) to periods of extreme activity (a manic episode).
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| schizophrenia | a type of psychotic disorder that causes problems with thinking, communication, and the ability to manage emotions, make decisions, and understand reality.
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| hallucinations | false or distorted sensory perceptions.
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| delusions | persistent false beliefs.
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| psychotherapy | a method of treating mental illness that involves talking about one’s problems with mental health professionals.
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| cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) | a type of psychotherapy that is usually short-term and focuses on skills and solutions that a person can use to modify negative thinking and behavior patterns; often used to treat anxiety disorders and depression.
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| substance abuse | the repeated use of legal or illegal substances in a way that is harmful to oneself or others.
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