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Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care: Long-Term Care and Home Care, 4th Edition

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Term
Definition
show an illness that has rapid onset, is usually short-term, and is treated immediately.  
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show a disease or condition that is long-term or long-lasting and requires management of symptoms.  
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scabies   show
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show a skin rash caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that causes pain, tingling, itching, and a rash of fluid-filled blisters.  
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wound   show
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dermatitis   show
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show swelling.  
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fungus   show
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arthritis   show
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autoimmune illness   show
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show a common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine; also called degenerative joint disease or degenerative arthritis.  
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rheumatoid arthritis   show
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osteoporosis   show
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closed fracture   show
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show a broken bone that penetrates the skin; also known as compound fracture.  
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partial weight-bearing (PWB)   show
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show a doctor’s order stating that a person is unable to touch the floor or support any body weight on one or both legs.  
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full weight-bearing (FWB)   show
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prosthesis   show
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show a progressive, inherited disease that causes a gradual wasting away of muscle, weakness, and deformity.  
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)   show
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amputation   show
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phantom sensation   show
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show pain in a limb (or extremity) that has been amputated.  
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complementary medicine   show
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show health practices and treatments used instead of conventional methods.  
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show a progressive, incurable disease that causes a section of the brain to degenerate; causes stiff muscles, stooped posture, shuffling gait, pill-rolling, and tremors.  
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show a progressive disease in which the myelin sheath breaks down over time; without this protective covering, nerves cannot conduct impulses to and from the brain in a normal way.  
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paraplegia   show
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show the loss of function in the legs, trunk, and arms.  
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epilepsy   show
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cataract   show
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glaucoma   show
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show a complication of diabetes caused by damage to the retina; causes spots, blurred vision, and difficulty seeing well at night and may lead to blindness.  
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show a condition in which the macula gradually deteriorates, causing vision loss and problems such as the inability to recognize faces, drive, read, and write.  
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hypertension   show
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atherosclerosis   show
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show chest pain, pressure, or discomfort.  
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show a medication that helps to relax the walls of the coronary arteries, allowing them to open and get more blood to the heart; comes in tablet, patch, or spray form.  
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myocardial infarction (MI)   show
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show a condition in which the heart muscle is damaged and is no longer able to pump effectively.  
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peripheral vascular disease (PVD)   show
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show a chronic, progressive, and incurable lung disease that causes difficulty breathing, weakness, and a high risk for lung infections.  
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show an irritation and inflammation of the lining of the bronchi.  
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show a chronic disease of the lungs that usually results from cigarette smoking.  
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show a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection that causes acute inflammation in lung tissue, causing fever, chills, cough, greenish sputum, chest pains, and rapid pulse.  
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show a chronic inflammatory disease that makes it difficult to breathe and causes coughing and wheezing.  
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bronchiectasis   show
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upper respiratory infection (URI)   show
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show the growth of abnormal cells or tumors in the lungs.  
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tuberculosis (TB)   show
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diabetes   show
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show a hormone that works to move glucose from the blood and into the cells for energy for the body.  
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glucose   show
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show a type of diabetes in which the pancreas produces no insulin or too little insulin; is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and will continue throughout a person’s life.  
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show a common form of diabetes in which either the body does not produce enough insulin or the body fails to properly use insulin; typically develops after age 35 and is the milder form of diabetes.  
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prediabetes   show
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show a type of diabetes that appears in pregnant women who have never had diabetes before but who have high glucose levels during pregnancy.  
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hyperthyroidism   show
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hypothyroidism   show
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sexually transmitted infections (STIs)   show
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chlamydia   show
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show a type of sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria; causes open sores on the penis or inside the vagina, as well as headache, fever, weight loss, and muscle aches.  
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chancres   show
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show a sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria; signs include white, yellow, or green discharge from the penis, swollen testes, burning during urination, cloudy vaginal discharge, vaginal bleeding between periods, and rectal itching and soreness.  
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genital herpes   show
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show a sexually transmitted infection caused by human papillomavirus; may cause genital warts and an abnormal pap test, and can lead to cervical cancer.  
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show a disorder that can occur in men as they age, in which the prostate becomes enlarged and causes problems with urination and/or emptying the bladder.  
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vaginitis   show
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show the final stage of HIV infection, in which infections, tumors, and central nervous system symptoms appear due to a weakened immune system that is unable to fight infection.  
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show a group of symptoms including memory loss, poor coordination, paralysis, and confusion that occurs in the late stages of AIDS due to damage to the central nervous system.  
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Kaposi’s sarcoma   show
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opportunistic infections   show
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show numbness, tingling, and pain in the feet and legs.  
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show general term to describe a disease in which abnormal cells grow in an uncontrolled way.  
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show a cluster of abnormally growing cells.  
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show tumors that are considered noncancerous.  
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show tumors that are cancerous.  
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show the surgical removal of all or part of the breast and sometimes other surrounding tissue.  
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