Skeletal system Dina
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| Made of organs called | bones
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| adult bones | 206
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| infant | 350
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| axial skeleton | main trunk of body
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| axial skeleton consists of | skull spinal column ribs breastbone
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| axial skeleton has more of less bones | less
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| appedicular skeleton | extremities of the pelvic and shoulder girdles
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| appendicular skeleton consists of | upper and lower extremities
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| appedicular skeleton has more or less bones | more
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| Functions of the skeletal system | framewrok for muscles fat and skinprotection for internal structures which surround vital organs ex skulls and ribs
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| production of blood cells is | hematopoiesis or hemopoiesis which produces rbc wbc and platelets
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| storage | calcium and phosphourus and fat
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| levers | muscle attaches to bones to assist in movement
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| The bones of extremities are long or short bones | long
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| diaphysis | long shaft
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| epiphysis | ends of bones
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| where is red marrow found | proximal ends
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| what does red marrow produce | rbs plt, and some wbc
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| what is red marrow used for | used for diagnostic procedures
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| Where is the medullary canal located | inside the diaphysis
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| what is medullary canal filled with | yellow marrow
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| what is yellow marrow aka | fat cells
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| endosteum is | the membrane that lines medullary canal that keeps yellow marrow in tact and produces some bone growth
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| red marrrow is found | proximal ends, vertebrae sternum ribs cranium
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| Function of red marrow | produces rbc platelets wbc involved with bodys immune response
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| Periosteum | outside of bone tough memebrane
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| periosteum necessary for | bone growth, repair, and nutritioin
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| periosteum contains | bld lymph vessels
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| osteoblasts- | form new bone tissue
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| osteoclasts | break down bone
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| articular cartilage | thin layer that covers epiphysis aka shock absorber
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| skull is composed of | cranial and facial bones
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| cranium | spherical structure that surrounsd and protects the brain 8 bones of sukk
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| frontal | forehead
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| 2 parietal | top of head
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| 2 temporal | temples
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| occipital | back of head
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| ethmoid | seperates nasal cavity from brain located at roof of the nose between the two orbits
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| how many facial bones | 14
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| madible | lower jaw
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| 2 maxilla | upper jaw
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| 2 zygomatic | cheeck
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| 2 lactimal | inner aspect of eyes
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| 5 nasal | upper part of nose
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| 2 palatine | roof of mouth hard palate
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| sutures | areas where cracial have joined together
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| sinuses | air spaces in bones of the skull that act as resonating chambers for the voice lined with mucous membrane
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| foramina | openings in bones that allow nerves and bld vessels to enter or leave the bone
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| fontanels | turn in to solid bone at 18 months of age soft spots allow for enlargement of skull as brain grows made of membrane and cartilage
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| spinal column has how many bones | 26
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| function of spinal column | protect spinal cord and provide support to head and trunk
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| 7 cervical | neck
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| 12 thoracic | chest
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| 5 lumbar | waist
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| sacrum | back of pelvic girdle
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| 1 coccyx | tailbone
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| intervebral disks | pads of cartilage tissue that seperate the vertebrae disks act as a shock absorber and permit bending and twisting movements of the vertebral column
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| ribs aka | coste
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| how many pairs of ribs | 12
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| ribs are attached to what | thoracic vertebrae on dorsal aspect of body
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| true ribs | first 7 pairs
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| true ribs attach to what | sternum
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| false ribs are the last | 5 pairs
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| 1st 3 attach to | cartilage of rib bone
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| last two | floating ribs
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| floating ribs have | no attachment to anterior aspect of body
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| sternum aka | breast bone
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| sternum has 3 parts | manubrium gladioulus and xiphoid
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| manubrium | upper region
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| gladiolus | body
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| ixphoid | cartilage at end of sternum
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| 2 clavicles attach to sternum at | manubrium
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| ribs attach to sternum with | costal cartilage
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| pectoral girld is made up of | clavicles scapulas hunerous
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| humerous | upper arm
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| radius | lower arm on thumb side
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| ulna | lower arm
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| olecranon | process forms the elbow
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| carpals | wrist
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| metacarpals | palm of hand
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| phalanges | fingers
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| bones of pelvic girdle consist of | 2 os coxae
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| 3 fused sections of pelvic girdle | ilium ischium pubis
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| acetabula | resessed socket attachement site for femur
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| oburator foramen | opening for nerves and blod vessles
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| femur | thigh
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| patella | kneecap
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| tibia | lower leg medial aspect larger boone
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| fibula | lower leg lateral aspect slender bone fragile fibula
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| tarsals | ankle
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| calcanous | heel large tarsalw
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| metatarsals | instep of foot
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| phalanges | toees
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| Diathrosis joints | freely moveable
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| ammphiarthoris | slightly moveable
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| synarthrosis | immovable
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Created by:
Dina DeMeo
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