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Skeletal system Dina
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Made of organs called | bones |
| adult bones | 206 |
| infant | 350 |
| axial skeleton | main trunk of body |
| axial skeleton consists of | skull spinal column ribs breastbone |
| axial skeleton has more of less bones | less |
| appedicular skeleton | extremities of the pelvic and shoulder girdles |
| appendicular skeleton consists of | upper and lower extremities |
| appedicular skeleton has more or less bones | more |
| Functions of the skeletal system | framewrok for muscles fat and skinprotection for internal structures which surround vital organs ex skulls and ribs |
| production of blood cells is | hematopoiesis or hemopoiesis which produces rbc wbc and platelets |
| storage | calcium and phosphourus and fat |
| levers | muscle attaches to bones to assist in movement |
| The bones of extremities are long or short bones | long |
| diaphysis | long shaft |
| epiphysis | ends of bones |
| where is red marrow found | proximal ends |
| what does red marrow produce | rbs plt, and some wbc |
| what is red marrow used for | used for diagnostic procedures |
| Where is the medullary canal located | inside the diaphysis |
| what is medullary canal filled with | yellow marrow |
| what is yellow marrow aka | fat cells |
| endosteum is | the membrane that lines medullary canal that keeps yellow marrow in tact and produces some bone growth |
| red marrrow is found | proximal ends, vertebrae sternum ribs cranium |
| Function of red marrow | produces rbc platelets wbc involved with bodys immune response |
| Periosteum | outside of bone tough memebrane |
| periosteum necessary for | bone growth, repair, and nutritioin |
| periosteum contains | bld lymph vessels |
| osteoblasts- | form new bone tissue |
| osteoclasts | break down bone |
| articular cartilage | thin layer that covers epiphysis aka shock absorber |
| skull is composed of | cranial and facial bones |
| cranium | spherical structure that surrounsd and protects the brain 8 bones of sukk |
| frontal | forehead |
| 2 parietal | top of head |
| 2 temporal | temples |
| occipital | back of head |
| ethmoid | seperates nasal cavity from brain located at roof of the nose between the two orbits |
| how many facial bones | 14 |
| madible | lower jaw |
| 2 maxilla | upper jaw |
| 2 zygomatic | cheeck |
| 2 lactimal | inner aspect of eyes |
| 5 nasal | upper part of nose |
| 2 palatine | roof of mouth hard palate |
| sutures | areas where cracial have joined together |
| sinuses | air spaces in bones of the skull that act as resonating chambers for the voice lined with mucous membrane |
| foramina | openings in bones that allow nerves and bld vessels to enter or leave the bone |
| fontanels | turn in to solid bone at 18 months of age soft spots allow for enlargement of skull as brain grows made of membrane and cartilage |
| spinal column has how many bones | 26 |
| function of spinal column | protect spinal cord and provide support to head and trunk |
| 7 cervical | neck |
| 12 thoracic | chest |
| 5 lumbar | waist |
| sacrum | back of pelvic girdle |
| 1 coccyx | tailbone |
| intervebral disks | pads of cartilage tissue that seperate the vertebrae disks act as a shock absorber and permit bending and twisting movements of the vertebral column |
| ribs aka | coste |
| how many pairs of ribs | 12 |
| ribs are attached to what | thoracic vertebrae on dorsal aspect of body |
| true ribs | first 7 pairs |
| true ribs attach to what | sternum |
| false ribs are the last | 5 pairs |
| 1st 3 attach to | cartilage of rib bone |
| last two | floating ribs |
| floating ribs have | no attachment to anterior aspect of body |
| sternum aka | breast bone |
| sternum has 3 parts | manubrium gladioulus and xiphoid |
| manubrium | upper region |
| gladiolus | body |
| ixphoid | cartilage at end of sternum |
| 2 clavicles attach to sternum at | manubrium |
| ribs attach to sternum with | costal cartilage |
| pectoral girld is made up of | clavicles scapulas hunerous |
| humerous | upper arm |
| radius | lower arm on thumb side |
| ulna | lower arm |
| olecranon | process forms the elbow |
| carpals | wrist |
| metacarpals | palm of hand |
| phalanges | fingers |
| bones of pelvic girdle consist of | 2 os coxae |
| 3 fused sections of pelvic girdle | ilium ischium pubis |
| acetabula | resessed socket attachement site for femur |
| oburator foramen | opening for nerves and blod vessles |
| femur | thigh |
| patella | kneecap |
| tibia | lower leg medial aspect larger boone |
| fibula | lower leg lateral aspect slender bone fragile fibula |
| tarsals | ankle |
| calcanous | heel large tarsalw |
| metatarsals | instep of foot |
| phalanges | toees |
| Diathrosis joints | freely moveable |
| ammphiarthoris | slightly moveable |
| synarthrosis | immovable |
Created by:
Dina DeMeo
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