Deciphering the Code
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| Addison's Disease | A disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones.
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| Alzheimer's Disease | A progressive disease that destroys memory and other important mental functions.
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| Crohn's Disease | A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract.
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| Down Syndrome | A genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing developmental and intellectual delays.
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| Lou Gehrig's Disease | A nervous system disease that weakens muscles and impacts physical function.
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| Metrorrhexis | Rupture of the uterus.
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| Menorrhagia | Heavy or prolonged vaginal bleeding with menstrual cycle.
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| Cardiogram | Written record.
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| Cardiography | Diagnostic procedure consisting of recording the activity of the heart electronically.
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| Cardiograph | Instrument used to produce a record.
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| BID | Twice a day (typically written on prescription)
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| CBC | Complete Blood Count (a blood test that measures many properties of the cells in your blood)
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| CPR | Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (an emergency procedure whose heart has stopped or is no longer breathing)
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| ECG or EKG | Electrocardiogram (a test that measures electrical impulses of the heart)
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| IV | Intravenous (a type of injection)
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| CATH | Catheter
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| CM | Centimeter
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| Cont | Continue
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| D/C | Discontinue
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| Dx | Diagnostic
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| Monochromatic | One, single
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| Bilateral | Two
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| Tripod | Three
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| Ab- | Away
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| Ad- | Toward
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| Ecto-, exo- | Outside
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| Endo- | In, inside
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| Epi- | Upon
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| Anterior or ventral | Front
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| Posterior or Dorsal | Back
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| Superior | upper
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| Inferior | Lower
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| Lateral | Side, away from middle
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| Distal | Distant, away from middle
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| Proximal | Closer
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| Ambi- | Around, both sides
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| Dys- | Bad
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| Eu- | Good, normal
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| Homo- | Same
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| Iso- | Equal
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| Mal- | ill, bad
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| -algia | Pain
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| -emia | Blood condition
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| -itis | Inflamed
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| -lysis | Loose, break down
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| -oid | Resembling
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| -opathy | Disease
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| -pnea | Breathe, respiration
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| -centesis | Puncture, perforation
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| -ectomy | Excision, removal or cut out
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| -ostomy | Make opening
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| -otomy | Process of cutting
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| -orrhaphy | Suture, repair
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| -opexy | Fixation
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| -oplasty | Repair or restoration
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| -otripsy | Crushing
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| Osteopathy | A branch of medical practice that emphasizes the treatment of medical disorders through the manipulation and massage of the bones, joints, and muscles.
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| Craniomalacia | Softening of the skull bones.
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| Spondylitis | Inflammation of the joints in the backbone.
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| Brachialgia | Pain in the arm.
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| Fasciitis | Inflammation of the fascia of a muscle or organ.
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| Encephalogram | An image, trace, or other record of the structure or electrical activity of the brain.
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| Lobotomy | A surgical operation involving incision into the prefrontal lobe of the brain, formerly used to treat mental illness.
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| Hemiplegia | Paralysis on one side of the body.
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| Dystonia | A state of abnormal muscle tone resulting in muscular spasm and abnormal posture, typically due to neurological disease or a side effect of drug therapy.
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| Ataxia | The loss of full control of bodily movements.
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| Akinetopsia | An inability to detect motion
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| Cycloplegia | Paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye.
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| Incus | A small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear, transmitting vibrations between the malleus and stapes.
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| Malleus | A small bone in the middle ear which transmits vibrations of the eardrum to the incus.
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| Stapes | A small stirrup-shaped bone in the middle ear, transmitting vibrations from the incus to the inner ear.
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| Endocrine | Relating to or denoting glands which secrete hormones or other products directly into the blood.
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| Exocrine | Relating to or denoting glands that secrete their products through ducts opening onto an epithelium rather than directly into the bloodstream.
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| Glycemic index | A system that ranks foods on a scale from 1 to 100 based on their effect on blood-sugar levels.
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| T3 | Triiodothyronine (T3) is a thyroid hormone. It plays an important role in the body's control of metabolism (the many processes that control the rate of activity in cells and tissues
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| T4 | Thyroxine (T4) increases the rate of chemical reactions in cells and helps control growth and development
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| Immunoglobulin | Any of a class of proteins present in the serum and cells of the immune system, which function as antibodies.
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| Elliptocyte | A hereditary disorder of the red blood cells.
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| Embolism | Obstruction of an artery, typically by a clot of blood or an air bubble.
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| Embolus | A blood clot, air bubble, piece of fatty deposit, or other object which has been carried in the bloodstream to lodge in a vessel and cause an embolism.
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| Thrombus | A blood clot formed in situ within the vascular system of the body and impeding blood flow.
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| Tricuspid Valve | Right atrioventricular valve
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| Mitral Valve | Left atrioventricular valve
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| Pulmonary Circulation | A vast network of arteries, veins, and lymphatics that function to exchange blood and other tissue fluids between the heart, the lungs, and back.
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| Systemic Circulation | The functional blood supply to all body tissue.
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| Electrocardiogram | A record or display of a person's heartbeat produced by electrocardiography.
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| Echocardiogram | A test of the action of the heart using ultrasound waves to produce a visual display, used for the diagnosis or monitoring of heart disease.
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| Trachea | The windpipe.
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| Bronchi | Any of the major air passages of the lungs which diverge from the windpipe.
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| Bronchioles | The main airways (bronchi) branch off into smaller and smaller passageways.
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| Alveoli | Any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.
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| Epistaxis | Nosebleed
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| Celiopathy | A group of disorders associated with genetic mutations encoding defective proteins, which result in abnormal formation or function of cilia.
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| Peritoneotomy | Incision of the peritoneum.
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| Flatus | Gas in or from the stomach or intestines, produced by swallowing air or by bacterial fermentation.
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| Ascites | A condition in which fluid collects in spaces within your abdomen.
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| Laparocele | A rupture or hernia in the lumbar regions.
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| Meatal stenosis | An abnormal narrowing of the urethral opening (meatus).
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| Vas deferens | The duct which conveys sperm from the testicle to the urethra.
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| Priapism | A prolonged erection of the penis.
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| Azoturia | Abnormal excess of nitrogen compounds in the urine.
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| Uroxanthin | The yellow pigment in urine.
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| Ovariocentesis | Surgical puncture of an ovary or cyst.
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| Chorionitis | inflammation of the chorioamniotic membranes, in which neutrophilic infiltration is limited to the chorion.
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| Tocograph | A device for estimating and recording the force of uterine contractions.
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| Neonatal | Relating to newborn children.
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| Polymenorrhea | Hernia in the perineal region.
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