Medical Terms Chapter 5
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| Aphasia | Inability to speak
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| Ataxia | Lack of coordination
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| Catatonia | Reduced muscle tone
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| Delirium | Brief loss of mental function
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| Dementia | Loss/decline in mental function
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| Dysphasia | Difficulty speaking
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| Dystonia | Involuntary muscle movements
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| Myoclonus | Muscle twitching
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| Myospasm | Involuntary muscle contraction
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| Somnambulsim | Sleep walking
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| Syncope | Fainting: loosing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain
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| Cephalalgia | Head pain
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| Cephalodynia | Head Pain
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| Encephalalgia | Brain Pain
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| Nerualgia | Nerve Pain
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| Neurodynia | Nerve Pain
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| Hemiparesis | Partial paralysis on half the body
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| Hemiplegia | Paralysis on half the body
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| Monoparesis | Partial paralysis of one limb
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| Monoplegia | Paralysis of one limb
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| Paralysis | Complete loss of sensation and motor function
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| Paresis | Partial paralysis by varying degrees of sensation and motor function
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| Causalgia | Painful sensation of burning
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| Dysesthesia | Bad feeling
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| Hyperesthesia | Increased sensation
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| Paresthesia | Abnormal sensation (numbness or tingling in the skin)
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| Pseudesthesia | False sensation
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| Synesthesia | Condition where one sensation is experienced as another
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| Acrophobia | Fear of hights
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| Agoraphobia | Fear of outdoor spaces
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| Hydrophobia | Fear of water
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| Kleptomania | Desire to steal
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| Photophobia | Excessive sensitivity to light
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| Pyromania | Desire to set fire
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| Echoencephalography | Procedure used to examine the brain using sound waves
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| Electroencephalography | Procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain
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| Lumbar Puncture (LP) | Inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid, commonly called a spinal tap
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| Cerebral Angiography | Procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain
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| Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) | Procedure used to examine blood vessels
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| Myelogram | Imagine of the spinal cord, usually done using x-ray
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| Positron emission tomography (PET) scan | An imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain
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| Transcranial doppler sonography | An imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull
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| Cerebellitis | Inflammation of the cerebellum
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| Cerebral atrophy | Wasting away of brain tissue
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| Duritis | Inflammation of the dura
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| Encephalocele | Hernia of the brain
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| Hematoma | A tumorlike mass made up of blood
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| Cranial hematoma | A hematoma beneath the skull
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| Epidural hematoma | A hematoma located on top of the dura
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| Intracerebral hematoma | A hematoma located inside the brian
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| Subdural hematoma | A hematoma located beneath the dura
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| Macrocephaly | Abnormally large head
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| Microcephaly | Abnormally small head
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| Meningocele | A hernia of the meninges
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| Myelocele | A hernia of the spinal cord
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| Myelomalacia | Abnormal softening of the spinal cord
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| Myelomeningocele | A hernia of the spinal cord and meninges
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| Neuritis | Nerve inflammation
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| Neuroma | A nerve tumor
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| Neurosclerosis | Hardening or nerves
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| Polyneuritis | Inflammation of multiple nerves
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| Agnosia | Inability to comprehend
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| Apathy | Lack of emotion
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| Hyperkinesia | Increase in muscle movement or activity
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| Neurasthenia | Nerve weakness
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| Neuroglycopenia | Deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal brain activity
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| Nystagmus | Involuntary back and forth eye movements
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| Prosopagnosia | Inability to recognize faces
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| Anesthesiologist | Doctor who specializes in anesthesiology
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| Afferent nerve | A nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system
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| Efferent nerve | A nerve that carries impulses away the central nervous system
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| Neurogenic | Originating from/created by nerves
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| Psychiatrist | Doctor who specializes in the treatment of the mind
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| Psychiatry | Branch of medicine that focuses on the treatment of the mind
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| Psychogenic | Originating in/created by the mind
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| Psychologist | Doctor who specializes in the study of the mind
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| Psychosomatic | Pertaining to the relationship between the body and the mind
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| Idiopathic | Having no known cause or origin
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| Interictal | Time between seizures
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| Postictal | Time after a seizure
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| Preictal | Time before a seizure
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| Tonic | Pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive0
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| Clonus | Muscle spasm or twitching
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| Tonic-clonic seizure | A seizure characterized by both a tonic and a clonic phase
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| Cerebrovascular | An accident involving the blood vessels of the brain
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| Stroke | Loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply of the brain
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| Hermorrhagic | A stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rapture of a blood vessel
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| Ischemic stroke | A stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage
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| Transient ischemic attack (TIA) | A "mini-stroke" caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves (goes away) within 24 hours
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| Cerebrovascular disease | A disease of the blood vessels of the brian
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| Cerebral aneurysm | The widening of abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brian
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| Cerebral arteriosclerosis | The hardening of an artery in the brain
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| Cerebral atherosclerosis | The hardening of an artery in the brain caused by the buildup of fatty plaque
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| Cerebral embolism | The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object
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| Cerebral thrombosis | The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot
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| Craniomalacia | Abnormal softening of the skull
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| Craniosclerosis | Abnormal hardening of the skull
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| Craniostenosis | Abnormal narrowing of the skull
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| Craniosynostosis | Premature fusing of the skull bones
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| Hydrocephaly | Abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain
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| Astrocytoma | A tumor of arising from astrocyte glial cells
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| Ganglioma | Ganglion tumor
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| Glioblastoma | A brain tumor arising from glioblast cells
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| Meningioma | Tumor of the meninges
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| Cerebellitis | Inflammation of the cerebellum
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| Cerebromeningitis | Inflammation of the brain and meninges
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| Encephalitis | Inflammation of the brian
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| Encephalopathy | Disease of the brain
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| Encephalopyosis | A pus-filled abscess in the brain
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| Gangliitis | Inflammation of a ganglion
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| Intracerebral hemorrhage | Excessive bleeding inside the brain
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| Meningopathy | Disease of the meninges
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| Meningitis | Inflammations of the meninges
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| Meningoencephalitis | Inflammation of the meninges and brain
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| Myelitis | Inflammation of the spinal cord
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| Myelodysplasia | Defective formation of the spinal cord
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| Myelopathy | Disease of the spinal cord
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| Neuroarthropathy | Disease of the joint associated with nerves
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| Neuroencephalomyelopathy | Disease of the nerves, brains, and spinal cord
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| Neuropathy | Disease of the nervous system
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| Poliomyelitis | Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
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| Polyneuropathy | Disease affecting multiple nerves
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| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | A degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control
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| Anorexia | An eating disorder characterized by the patients refusal to eat
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| Autism | A psychiatric disorder characterized by withdrawal from communication with others
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| Bulimia | An eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced vomiting
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| Cerebral palsy | Paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement
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| Dysphoria | A negative emotional state
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| Epilepsy | A disease marked by seizures
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| Euphoria | A positive emotional state
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| Hypomania | A mental state just below mania
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| Manic depression (bipolar) | A psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression
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| Myasthenia | Muscle weakness
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| Narcolepsy | A disease characterized by sudden uncontrolled sleepiness
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| Neurosis | A nerve condition
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| Psychosis | A mind condition
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| Psychopathy | A mental illness
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| Schizophrenia | A mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech
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