chater 15 notes musc
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| MD | DOCTOR OF MEDICINE
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| DO | DOCTOR OF OSTEOPATHY
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| BMD | BONE MINERAL DENSITY
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| DEXA | DUAL ENGERY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY
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| FDA | U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION
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| IU | INTERNATIONAL UNIT(S)
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| Fx | FRACTURE
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| CLOSED FRACTURE | A BONE IS BROKEN, BUT THE SKIN IS NOT BROKEN
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| OPEN FRACTURE | A FRAGMENT OF THE FRACTURED BONE BREAKS THUR THE SKIN, OR WHEN A WOUND EXTENDS TO THE SITE OF THE FRACTURE
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| GREEN STICK(CLOSED) | PARTIAL FREACTURE, ONE SIDE BREAKS,THE OTHER BENDS
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| DJD | DEGENERATIVE JOINT DIEASE
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| MCP | META CARPO PHALANGEAL
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| OA | OSTEO ARTHRITIS
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| PIP | PROXIMAL INTER PHALANGEAL
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| THR | TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT
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| RA | RHEUMATOID ARTHR ITIS
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| T.I.D | THREE TIMES A DAY
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| DMD | DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
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| NSAID | NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG
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| PCP | PHENCYCLIDINE (ANGEL DUST)
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| R.I.C.E | REST ICE COMPRESSION ELEVATION
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| PT | PHYSIOTHERAPY
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| JRA | JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHR ITIS
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| SI | SACROILLIAC
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| ACL | ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT
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| PCL | POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT
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| TMJ | TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
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| FOUR COMPONENTS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM | BONES,CARTILAGE,TENDONS,LIGAMENTS
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| CHRIO PRACT IC | DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT,AND PREVENTION OF MECHANICAL DISORDERS OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
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| CHRIO | HAND
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| PRACT | EFFICIENT
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| IC | PERTAINING TO
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| OR | A DOER
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| DE TOXI FICATION | REMOVE POSION FROM A TISSUE OR SUBSTANCE
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| DE | FROM, OUT OF
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| TOXI | POSION
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| FICATION | REMOVE
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| MUSCLE, MUSCULOSKELETAL | A TISSUE CONSISTING OF CONTRACTILE CELLS PERTAINING TO THE MUSCLES AN D THE BONY SKELETON
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| MUSCLE | LATIN MUSCLE
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| MUSCUL/O | MUSCLE
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| SKELET | SKELETON
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| AL | PERTAINING TO
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| ORTHOPEDIC | PERTAINING TO THE CORRECTION AND CURE OF DEFORMITIES AND DISEASES OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
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| PATHY | DISEASE
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| UM | TISSUE, STRUCTURE
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| END | WITHIN
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| EPI | UPON, ABOVE
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| AL | PERTAINING TO
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| META | BEYOND,MAKING CHANGE AFTER,TRANSITION
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| BLAST | EMBRYO
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| CLAST | BREAKDOWN
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| CYTE | CELL
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| GENESIS | CREATION
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| OSIS | CONDITION
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| PERI | AROUND
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| A | WITHOUT, INTO
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| PLASIA | FORMATION
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| MALACIA | SOFTNESS
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| ITIS | INFLAMMATION
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| PENIA | DEFICIENT
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| OMA | TUMOR,MASS
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| MENT | RESULTING STATE
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| ION | PROCESS, CONDITION
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| MAL | BAD
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| RE | BACKWARD
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| URE | RESULT OF
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| ED | PERTAINING TO
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| DIS | APART, AWAY
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| IM | IN
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| IN | IN, SUBSTANCE,NOT
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| AR | PERTAINING TO
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| TRANS | ACROSS
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| ATION | PROCESS,BEING
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| OSIS | CONDITION
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| SYN | TOGETHER
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| AB | AWAY FROM
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| ION | PROCESS, ACTION
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| AD | TOWARD
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| CIRCUM | AROUND
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| CENTESIS | TO PUNCTURE
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| DESIS | BIND TOGETHER
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| PLASTY | REPAIR
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| SCOPY | EXAMINE
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| SCOPE | INSTURMENT
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| ITIS | INFLAMMATION
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| IVE | QUALITY OF
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| INTER | BETWEEN
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| RHEUMAT | RHEUMATISM
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| AR | PERTAINING TO
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| HYPER | EXCESSIVE
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| CON | WITH TOGETHER
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| ALGIA | PAIN
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| POLY | MANY
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| ICA | PERTAINING TO
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| ARY | PERTAINING TO
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| DYS | BAD,DIFFICULT
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| LYSIS | BREAK DOWN,DISSOLVE
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| ECTOMY | SURGICAL EXCISION
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| OID | RESEMBLING
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| ALIS | PERTAINING TO
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| OR | ONE WHO
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| SUB | UNDER,SLIGHTLY
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| LUXAT | DISLOCATE
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| BI | TWO
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| IS | BELONGING TO
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| IMUS | MOST
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| TRI | THREE
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| OTOMY | INCISION
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| ECTOMY | EXCISION
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| HYPO | BELOW, SMALLER
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| URE | PROCESS
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| ITY | CONDITION
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| DE | CHANGE OF
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| IC | PERTAINING TO
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| AC | PERTAINING TO
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| CO | TOGETHER
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| QUADRI | FOUR
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| IS | BELONGING TO
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| ALLO | DIFFERENT
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| AUTO | SELF,SANE
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| MENT | ACTION
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| HETERO | DIFFERENT
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| PRE | BEFORE, INFRONT OF
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| IUS | PERTAINING TO
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| IARTY | TREATMENT
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| IATRIST | PRACTITIONER
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| ENDOSTEUM | A MEMBRANE OF TISSUE LINING THE INNER(MEDULLARY) CAVITY OF A LONG BONE
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| EPI PHYSIS | EXPANDED AREA AT THE PROXIMAL AND DISTAL ENDS OF A LONG BONE TO PROVIDE INCREASED SURFACE AREA FOR ATTACHMENT OF LIGAMENTS AND TENDONS
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| EPI PHYSEAL PLATE | LAYER OF CARTILIAGE BETWEEN EPIPHYSIS AND METAPHYSIS WHERE BONE GROWTH OCCURS
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| META PHYSIS | REGION BETWEEN THE DIAPHYSIS AND THE EPIPHYSIS WHERE BONE GROWTH OCCURS
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| OSTEO BLAST | BONE FORMING
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| OSTEO CLAST | BONE REMOVING CELL
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| OSTEO CYTE | BONE MAINTAINING CELL
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| OSTEO GENESIS OSTEOGENIC(ADJ) | CREATION OF NEW BONE
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| OSTEO POROSIS | CONDITION IN WHICH THE BONES BECOME MORE POROUS, BRITTLE,FRAGILE, AND MORE LIKELY TO FRACTURE.
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| PERIOSTEUM, PERIOSTEAL(ADJ) | STRONG MEMBRANE SURROUNDING A BONE
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| ACHONDROPLASIA | CONDITION WITH ABNORMAL CONVERSION OF CARTILAGE INTO BONE,LEADING TO DWARFISM
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| OSTEO GENESIS IMPERFECTA | INHERITED CONDITION WHEN BONE FORMATION IS INCOMPLETE, LEADING TO FRAGILE, EASILY BROKEN BONES.
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| OSTEO MALACIA | SOFT, FLEXIBLE,BONES LACKING IN CALCIUM(RICKETS)
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| OSTEO MYELITIS | INFLAMMATION OF BONE TISSUE
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| osteo penia | decreased calcification of bone
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| sarcoma | a malignmant turmor orignating in connective tissue
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| osteo genic sarcoma | malignmant turmor orignating in bone producing cells
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| alignment | having a structure in its correct position relative to other structures
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| hemat oma | collection of blood that has escaped from the blood vessels into tissue
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| mal un ion | when the two bony ends of the fracture fail to heal together correctly
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| non un ion | total failure of healing of a facture
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| re duct ion | restore a structure to its normal position
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| comminuted fracture | a fracture in which the bone is broken into pieces
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| complete fracture | a bone is fractured into two separted pieces
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| dis placed fracture | a fracture in which thr fragments are separted and are not in alignment
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| compress ion | fracture of a vertebra causing loss of height of the vertebra
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| hairline fracture | a fracture without separation of the fragments
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| im pact ed fracture | a fracture in which one bone fragment is driven into the other
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| in complete fracture | a fracture that does not extend across the bone, as in a hairline facture
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| line ar fracture | a fracture running parallel to the length of the bone
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| oblique fracture | a diagonal fracture across the long axis of the bone
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| spiral fracture | a fracture in the shape of a coil
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| trans verse fractre | a fracture perpendicular to the long axis of the bone
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| pathologic | fracture occurs in an area of bone weakenedby diease(such as cancer)
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| TMJ | temporo mandibul ar joint
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| temporo mandibul ar joint | the joint between the temporal bone and the mandible
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| mg | millogram
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| mri | magentic reasoning image
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| c5-c6 | cervical column
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| rom | range of motion
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| cranium | also know as the braincase protects the brain from inhury it serves as the frame work for the head.
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| maxilla | jawbone it is somewhat pyramidal in shape and has a large cavity called the maxillay sinus.
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| mandible | froms the lower jawbone mandible is the largest and th strongest facial bone.
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| cervical vertebra | are located at te back of the neck region. There are 7 cervical vertebra. atlas is the first cervical vertebra.
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| clavicle (collar bone) | clavicle is a slender rod shaped located in the collar region.
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| humerus | is located in the upper arm. The head of the humerus fits into the glenoid cavity of the pectoral girdle to form a ball and socket joint.
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| sternum(breast bone) | is located at the center of the thorax ie the chest. it is a dagger shaped bone that along with the ribs forms the rib cage.
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| rib | there are 12 pairs of ribs. the last pair of ribs is called as the floating rib because they are not attached to the sternum.
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| radius | radius is the bone located at the laterial side of the forearm. it extends from the elbow to the wrist. radius along with ulna constitutes the forearm.
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| Ulna | ulna is the bone in the forearm that is aligned with the little finger. ulna along with Radius constitutes the forearm.
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| pelvic gridle (hip bone) | pelvic gridle is a bony ring located at the base of the spine. it is composed of 2 hip bones which support the lower limbs.
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| coccyx (tailbone) | there are 4 caudal vertebrae at the end of the vertebral column. Caudal vertbrae are separate at birth, but in the later years they fuse together to form oe single bone called coccyx (respresenting the remnant of tail).
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| carpals (wrist bones) | carpals are located in the wrist region. there are 8 nodule-like bones called carpals in the wrist region.
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| metacarpals | metacarpals are 5 small rod-shaped bones located in the palm region.
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| phalanges | there are 14 phalanges in the fingers. The thumb has 2 phalanges whereas other fingers have 3 phalanges each.
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| femur (thigh bone) | femur is located in the thigh region. the head of the femur into the acetabulum of the pelvic gridle to form a ball and socket joint. It is the longest and the heaviest bone. it supports the weight of the body.
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| patella (kneecap) | patella is located in front of the knee joint. it is commonly known as the kneecap. it protects and covers the knee joint.
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| fibula | fibula is located in the shin region of the leg. tibia along with fibula constitutes the lower leg
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| tibia | tibia is located in the shin region of the leg. tibia along with the fibula constitutes the lower leg. tibia is the larger of the two bones.
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| tarsals | there are 7 bones in the ankle. calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone which constitutes the heel.
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| meta tarsals | meta tarsals are 5 long rod-shaped bones. they are located between the tarsals and the phalanges. metacarpals of hand are analogous to metacarpals of hand are analogous to metatarsals of foot.
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| phalanges | there are 14 phalanges in the toes. the big toe has two phalanges whereas other toes have three phalanges each.
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