Chapter 7: Endocrine System
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| 1. gluc/o | glucose
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| 2. ket/o | ketone bodies
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| 3. pancreat/o | pancreas
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| 4. thym/o | thymus gland
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| 5. thyr/o | thyroid gland
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| 6. Adrenal glands | located on the superior surface of each kidney; the outer adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones, and the inner adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine; also called suprarenal glands
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| 7. steroid hormones | hormones secretes by the adrenal cotex
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| 8. glucocorticoids | hormones that regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have anti-inflammatory effects; cortisol is the most significant glucocorticoid
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| 9. mineralocorticoid | hormones that mainatain salf and water balance
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| 10. estrogen | hormone that is responsible for the development of female secondady sex characteristics
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| 11. pineal | located in the center of the brain; secretes melatonin and serotonin
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| 12. adenohypophysis | anterior lobe of the oituatry gland; also called anterior pituitary
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| 13. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | hormone that inititating the growth of ovarian follicle; stimulates the secretions of estrogen in females and production of sperm in males
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| 14. neurohypophysis | posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; also known as posterior gland
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| 15. vasopressin | hormone released by the posterior pituitary that influences the absorption of water by kidney tubules; also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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| 16. oxytocin | hormone released by the posterior pituitary that influences uterine contraction
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| 17. hypophysectomy | removal of the pituitary gland
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| 18.pancreatectomy | removal of the pancreas
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| 19. radioiodine therapy | use of radioactive iodine to treat disease, such s to eradicate thyroid tumor cells; treatment is administered in a nuclear medicine facility
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| 20. antidiabetic drug | any of several agents used to control blood glucose levels in treatment of diabetes mellitus
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| 21. antithyroid drug | an agent that blocks the production of thyroid hormones; used to treat hyperthyroidism
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| 22. polydipsia | excessive thrist
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| 23. acromegaly | disease characterized by enlarged features, especially of the face and hands, caused by hypersecretion of the pituitary growth hormone after puberty,
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| 24. Gigantism | a condition produced by hypersecretion of growth hormone during childgood development that leads to an abnormal over growth of bone.
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| 25.Graves disease | the most common form of hyperthyroidism; caused by an autoimmune defect that creates antibodies that stimulate the over production of thyroid hormone.
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| 26. myxedema | advanced hypothyroidism in adults characterized by sluggishness , slow pulse, puffiness in the hands and face, and dry skin
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| 27. Computed tomography (CT) | CT of the head is used to obtain transverse view of the pituitary gland
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| 28. pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas
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| 29. type 2 diabetes | diabetes caused by either a lack of insulin or the body's inability to use insulin efficiently
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| 30. hyperinsulinism | a condition resulting from an excessive amount of insulin in the blood that draws sugar out of bloodstream, resulting in hypoglycemia , fainting, and convulsions; often caused by an overdose of insulin or by a tumor of the pancreas
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