Chapter 6 - Infection Control Fundamentals
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What is the body's ability to resist pathogens and disease called? | Immunity
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| Which type of infection is one that is caused by the introduction of a pathogen from outside the body? | Exogenous
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| The infection cycle begins when a pathogen invades the what and begins to multiply? | Reservoir host
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| Which type of infection is one in which an abnormality or malfunction in routine body processes has caused normally beneficial or harmless microorganisms to become pathogenic? | Endogenous
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| Which type of transmission occurs when the pathogen moves immediately from one host to another, such as through contact with the blood or saliva of an infected person? | Direct transmission
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| What are three examples of illnesses spread through airborne transmission? | Influenza, chicken pox, tuberculosis
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| An infection that is present in a child at the time of birth is said to be what? | Congenital
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| Which type of host is a person to whom a pathogen has been transmitted and who has little to no immunity to infection by that organism? | Susceptible host
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| What are the factors related to the susceptibility of a host to infection? | Age, genetic predisposition to certain illnesses, nutritional status, other disease processes, stress levels, hygiene habits, general health
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| What is the condition in which pathogens are absent or controlled, such as through handwashing or sterilzation? | Asepsis
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| How can you help break the cycle of infection in a medical office? | Maintaining strict housekeeping standards to reduce the number of pathogens present; adhering to government guidelines to protect against diseases; educating patients in hygiene, proper hand hygiene; keeping nails short and unpolished
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| Which type of carrier is a reservoir host who is unaware of the presence of the pathogen, and so spreads the disease? | Human
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| What can be a reservoir host? | Human, animal, or insect
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| What is direct transmission? | A pathogen moves directly from one host to another; can happen through contact with infected person or their discharges
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| What is indirect transmission? | It happens when pathogens survive until they encounter a new host; indirect transmission is possible only if the pathogen can live outside of the reservoir host
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| What type of transmission spreads respiratory diseases such as influenza and tuberculosis? | Airborne
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| A living organism that carries microorganisms from an infected person to another person is known as a what? | Vector
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| Factors related to pathogens include: | Number and concentration of pathogens; strength of pathogen; point of entry
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| Unpasteurized milk from an infected cow is an ______________ factor that may cause disease. | Environmental
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| When the new host is exposed to pathogens by ingesting contaminated food or liquids, the transmission is considered to be what? | Foodborne
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| Principles of __________ must be applied to break the cycle of infection. | Asepsis
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