Surgery I
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| 4 major categories of surgical instruments | Cutting and Dissecting, Clamping and Grasping, Retracting, and Suctioning
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| How are instruments selected | according to pt size, surgical procedure, and knowledge of anatomy
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| Name / describe 6 major parts of a surgical instrument | Points (tips); Jaws (hold tissue tightly); Box Lock (hinged joint); Shank (btw box lock & Finger Rings); Ratchets (interlock to keep instrument locked when instrument is closed)
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| 2 surgical instruments subgroups used for retraction | Hand-held; self-retaining
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| Hand held retraction instruments | Vein; Skin Rake; Army Navy; Appendiceal; Richardson; Deaver; Malleable (Ribbon)
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| Describe hand held retraction instrument | blade usually at rt angle to shaft and the blades may be smooth, raked, or hooked; handles may be hooked, notched, or ring-shaped to give holder a firm grip without tiring
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| Vein retractor = | smooth small blade which retracts tissue without puncturing it (i.e. vessels).
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| Skin Rake retractor = | toothed retractor used to grasp and pull back tissue such as skin.
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| Army Navy retractor = | double-ended retractor.
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| Appendiceal retractor = | short right angled blade, used on abdominal cases.
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| Richardson retractor = | abdominal retractor varying in blade size.
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| Deaver retractor = | curved abdominal retractor varying in blade width.
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| Malleable (Ribbon) retractor = | bendable and may be shaped by the surgeon at the operative site
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| Describe Self-retaining retraction instrument | either 2 blades held apart by a ratchet or by frames to which various blades may be attached, where one side acts as an anchor and pressure is exerted on the other side
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| Self-retaining retraction instruments | Weitlaner (Self-Retaining Thyroid; Balfour
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| Weitlaner (Self-Retaining Thyroid) retractor = | ratchet style, used for superficial use.
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| Balfour retractor = | abdominal retractor to which a bladder blade may be added
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Created by:
Abarnard
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