Imperialism
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| Imperialism | The extension of a nation's power over other territory usually by military force
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| Nationalism | Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations. Nationalism is not patriotism. Often leads to war
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| Ethnocentrism | Prejudice against other countries or cultures with feelings that only your country or culture is the best.
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| Militarism | Increase in military strength by increasing recruits, weapons and positioning one's military ready to strike. Often includes extremism from that nation's citizens to go to battle.
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| Racism | Prejudice against another race while favoring only your own. Built on falsehoods of superiority of one's own race. Ex: Social Darwinism
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| Colonies | Territories claimed by another country as their own usually in another area of the world.
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| Scramble for Africa | How quickly European nations claimed territories in Africa in search of raw materials and markets for their industrial gain.
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| Social Darwinism | Built on Darwin's "survival of the fittest" theory that those animals that can adapt physically will survive. However, ethnocentric races coined the phrase against other races meaning they were less socially adaptive than their own.
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| White Man's Burden | Propaganda used by imperialistic nations giving cause to their colonizing of "less fortunate" people.
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| Civilize | Causing other people to adapt to the ways of the nation that considers themselves more superior.
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| Christianity | The European religions including Catholicism and Protestatism
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| Culture | Can include language, dress, religion, customs of a group of people with the same identification
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| Old Imperialism | 1300s-1400s when new sea routes were explored for trading posts due to Ottoman Turk attacks on the Spice Route and Silk Road. Territory in Africa, India, and other areas were wanted but only for trade
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| New Imperialism | 1850-1915 Colonization of Africa, India and other territories where European countries took over the economy and government in order to control raw materials and markets
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| Direct Rule | When colonizers ousted the government in place and substituted their own type of rule and law.
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| Indirect Rule | When colonizers "permitted" the colonized countries' rulers to remain in place but with the colonizer directing them. Also known as "puppet governments."
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| Sphere of Influence | Territories where a European country claimed special economic rights and privileges
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| Extraterritoriality | When citizens of the colonizer went to live in the colonized country and followed European law, rather than the law of the colonized country.
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| Otto von Bismarck | New chancellor of Germany credited for unifying the German states into one country. He led the Berlin Conference--this was the beginning of Germany rising to power
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| Berlin Conference | Convened by Portugal, but held in Berlin and led by von Bismarck, with the purpose to redraw the boundaries of countries in Africa among those countries fighting for territory.
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| "The sun never sets on the British Empire" | Phrase used to describe the British Empire because their colonies were so extensive that it seemed as though it was always daytime in at least one part of its territory.
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| Belgium | European country that colonized the Congo for their rubber resources and committed heinous acts of human abuse
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| King Leopold II | King of Belgium who allowed terrible acts of human abuse to assure the quick supply of rubber to Belgium
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| How many counries invited to the Berlin Conference? | 14 including the US
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| Which countries competed for African territory? | Great Britain, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Germany and Belgium
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| Was Africa the only continent colonized by Europe? | No. India and China in Asia were also colonized
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