Terms and definitions
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| chyl/o | juice
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| cyto/o | cell
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| hem/o | blood
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| lymph/o | clear fluid
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| myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord
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| thromb/o | clot
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| plasma | liquid portion of the blood and lymph; contains water, proteins, and cellular components like while blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets
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| Serum | liquid portion of the blood that remains after clotting
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| red blood cells (RBC) | transport oxygen and carbon dioxide; also called erythrocyte
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| hemoglobin | the protein-iron compound in erythrocytes that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
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| white blood cell | protects the body from harmful invading substances; also called leukocyte
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| neutrophil | a granular leukocyte, named for the neutral stain of its granules that fights infection by swallowing bacteria (phagocytosis) (neutr = neither) (phil = attraction for); Normal range (in stained blood smear) ; 54-75%
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| Agranulocytes | a group of leukocytes without granules in their nuclei
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| Monocyte | an agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infection (mono =one); normal range (in stained blood smear); 3-7%
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| platelets | cell fragments in the blood that are essential for blood clotting (coagulation); also called thrombocytes
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| lymphatic system | consists of lymph vessels, nodes, and tissues through which lymph drains into the blood
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| lymph | fluid that is circulated through the lymph vessels
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| lymph capillaries | microscopic vessels that draw lymph from tissues to the lymph vessels
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| lymph vessels | vessels that receive lymph from the lymph capillaries and circulate it to the lymph nodes; also called lymphatic vessels
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| lacteals | specialized lymph vessels in the small intestine that absorb fat into the bloodstream (lacteus = milky)
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| chyle | white or pale yellow substance in lymph that contains fatty substances absorbed by the lacteals
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| lymph ducts | collecting channels that carry lymph from the lymph nodes to the veins
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| right lymphatic duct | receives lymph from the right upper part of the body
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| antibody | a substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body
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| microcytosis | presence of small red blood cells
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| hypochromic | pale in color; lighter in color than normal
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| macrocytosis | presence of large red blood cells
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| anisocytosis | presence of red blood cells of unequal size (an = not, without; iso= equal)
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| poikilocytosis | presence of large, irregularly shaped red blood cells (poikilo = irregular)
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| reticulocytosis | an increased number of immature erythrocytes in the blood
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| neutropenia | a decreased number of neutrophils
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| pancytopenia | an abnormally reduced number of all cellular components in the blood
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| hemolysis | breakdown of the red blood cell membrane
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| immunosuppression | impaired ability to provide an immune response
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| prothrombin | protein substance in the blood that is essential to the clotting process
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| thymectomy | removal of the thymus
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| blood component therapy | transfusion of a specific blood component, such as packed ted blood cells, platelets, or plasma
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| anticoagulant | a drug that prevents clotting of the blood
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| hemostatic | a drug that stops the flow of blood within the vessels
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| vasodilator | a drug that causes dilation of the blood within the vessels
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