Path-IronDef
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| The most common cause of anemia is | iron deficiency
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| symptoms of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) relate directly to | the decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood that results from a deficiency of hemoglobin. The relationship of other symptoms (e.g., the desire to chew ice and a swollen tongue) to iron deficiency is unclear
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| Ferritin is a ubiquitous protein-iron complex that is found at highest levels in | the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and skeletal muscles. In the liver, most ferritin is stored within the parenchymal cells; in other tissues, such as the spleen and the bone marrow, it is found mainly in macrophages
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| In iron-overloaded cells, most iron is stored in | hemosiderin.
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| In iron deficiency, serum ferritin is always | below
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| iron overload values approaching | 5000 μg/L can be seen.
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| Iron is transported in plasma by | an iron-binding glycoprotein called transferrin, which is synthesized in the liver
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| major function of plasma transferrin is to | deliver iron to cells, including erythroid precursors, where iron is required for hemoglobin synthesis
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| What is the response of hepcidin and ferriportin when iron stores decrease? | hepcidin levels fall and ferriportin activity increases allowing greater fraction of absorbed iron to be transferred to plasma tranferrin
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| General symptoms of iron deficiency anemia may include | Extreme fatigue, Dizziness or lightheadedness, Brittle nails,pale skin, Cold hands and feet, Irritability, RLS, Shortness of breath, Inc. infections, Irregular heartbeat arrhythmia), Headache, Infl. of tongue, Unusual cravings for as ice, dirt
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| What is the most common cause of iron deficiency in the western world. | Chronic blood loss
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| With advanced iron def disease, what may be encountered? | a smooth and glistening tongue (atrophic glossitis) and inflammation at the corners of the mouth (angular stomatitis) as well as a spoon-shaped deformity of the fingernails (koilonychias).
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| The three most common causes of microcytic anemias (MCV<75 µm3) are | iron deficiency, thalassemia minor, and anemia of chronic disease (ACD)
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| Iron deficiencies are almost always associated with | a high RDW.
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| The RDW is useful particularly useful in distinguishing what form of anemia? | thalassemia, which generally (but not invariably) has elevated red blood cell counts and lower RDWs than would be expected for the MCV and the degree of anemia.
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