The Human Body in health and Illness / Nervous System: Nervous tissue and Brain
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| Brain and Spinal Cord | Central Nervous System (CNS)
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| Nerves that connect to the CNS with the rest of the body | Peripheral Nervous System
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| Gathers information from inside the body and from the outside environment | Sensory Function
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| Sensory information brought to the CNS is processed or interpreted by | Integrative Function
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| Conveys information from the CNS toward the muscles and glands | Motor Function
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| The nerve glue. most abundant of the nerve cells; located in the CNS. ___ support, protect, insulate, nourish, and generally care for the neurons. | Neurogila / Glial Cells
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| Star shaped cells present in blood brain barrier; also anchor or bind blood vessels to nerves for support act as phagocytes | Astrocytes
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| Line the ventricles as part of the choroid plexus; involved in the formation of cerebrospinal fluid | Ependymal cells
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| Protective role; phagocytosis of pathogens and damaged tissue | Microgila
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| Produce myelin sheath for neurons in the PNS | Schwann cells
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| Produce myelin sheath for neurons in the CNS | Oligodendrocytes
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| Most important in the transmission of information | Neuron
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| Treelike structures that receive information from other neurons that transmit to the cell body | Dendrites
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| Contains the nucleus and is essential for the life of the cell | Cell body
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| A long extension that transmits info away from the cell body | Axon
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| End of the Axon where the chemical neurotransmitters are stored | Axon Terminal
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| White fatty material that protects and insulates the Axon | Myelin
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| The nuclei and cytoplasm of the schwann cell lie outside they myelin sheath | Neurilemma
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| Areas not covered by myelin appear regularly along the Axon | Nodes of Ranvier
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| Carries information from the periphery (the end of the nerve) toward the CNS | Sensory Neuron / Afferent Neurons
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| Carries information from the CNS toward the periphery (the end of the nerve) | Motor Neuron / Efferent Neurons
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| Found only in the CNS; form connections between sensory and motor neurons | interneuron
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| An electrical signal that conveys information along a neuron | Nerve impulse
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| A process of polarization, depolarization and repolarization | Action potential
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| Resting; The inside of the neuron is more negative then the outside | Polarization
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| Stimulated; The inside of the cell changes from negative to positive | Depolarization
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| Resting; The inside of the cell again becomes negative, returns to its resting state | Repolarization
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| "Jumping" from node to node is called | Saltatory conduction
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| Helps information move from one neuron to the next; its a space | Synapse
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| The axon terminal does not physically touch the dendrite this space is called | Synaptic cleft
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| The axon terminal contains thousands of tiny vesicles that store chemical substances called | Neurotransmitters
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| Substances that terminate the activity of the neurotransmitters when they have completed their task | Inactivators
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| Places on the membrane to which the neurotransmitters attach, or bind | Receptors
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| Clusters of cell bodies in the CNS | Nuclei
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| Clusters of cell bodies in the PNS | Ganglia
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