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Chap 10 A&P Nervous
The Human Body in health and Illness / Nervous System: Nervous tissue and Brain
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Brain and Spinal Cord | Central Nervous System (CNS) |
| Nerves that connect to the CNS with the rest of the body | Peripheral Nervous System |
| Gathers information from inside the body and from the outside environment | Sensory Function |
| Sensory information brought to the CNS is processed or interpreted by | Integrative Function |
| Conveys information from the CNS toward the muscles and glands | Motor Function |
| The nerve glue. most abundant of the nerve cells; located in the CNS. ___ support, protect, insulate, nourish, and generally care for the neurons. | Neurogila / Glial Cells |
| Star shaped cells present in blood brain barrier; also anchor or bind blood vessels to nerves for support act as phagocytes | Astrocytes |
| Line the ventricles as part of the choroid plexus; involved in the formation of cerebrospinal fluid | Ependymal cells |
| Protective role; phagocytosis of pathogens and damaged tissue | Microgila |
| Produce myelin sheath for neurons in the PNS | Schwann cells |
| Produce myelin sheath for neurons in the CNS | Oligodendrocytes |
| Most important in the transmission of information | Neuron |
| Treelike structures that receive information from other neurons that transmit to the cell body | Dendrites |
| Contains the nucleus and is essential for the life of the cell | Cell body |
| A long extension that transmits info away from the cell body | Axon |
| End of the Axon where the chemical neurotransmitters are stored | Axon Terminal |
| White fatty material that protects and insulates the Axon | Myelin |
| The nuclei and cytoplasm of the schwann cell lie outside they myelin sheath | Neurilemma |
| Areas not covered by myelin appear regularly along the Axon | Nodes of Ranvier |
| Carries information from the periphery (the end of the nerve) toward the CNS | Sensory Neuron / Afferent Neurons |
| Carries information from the CNS toward the periphery (the end of the nerve) | Motor Neuron / Efferent Neurons |
| Found only in the CNS; form connections between sensory and motor neurons | interneuron |
| An electrical signal that conveys information along a neuron | Nerve impulse |
| A process of polarization, depolarization and repolarization | Action potential |
| Resting; The inside of the neuron is more negative then the outside | Polarization |
| Stimulated; The inside of the cell changes from negative to positive | Depolarization |
| Resting; The inside of the cell again becomes negative, returns to its resting state | Repolarization |
| "Jumping" from node to node is called | Saltatory conduction |
| Helps information move from one neuron to the next; its a space | Synapse |
| The axon terminal does not physically touch the dendrite this space is called | Synaptic cleft |
| The axon terminal contains thousands of tiny vesicles that store chemical substances called | Neurotransmitters |
| Substances that terminate the activity of the neurotransmitters when they have completed their task | Inactivators |
| Places on the membrane to which the neurotransmitters attach, or bind | Receptors |
| Clusters of cell bodies in the CNS | Nuclei |
| Clusters of cell bodies in the PNS | Ganglia |
Created by:
dhollan127
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