Chapter 12 - Respiratory Sytem
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| What is the name of the gaseous waste in the respiratory system and exhaled through the lungs? | carbon dioxide
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| What is the main muscle utilized for breathing? | diaphragm
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| this diagnostic term refers to a fine crackling sound heard during inspiration (inhalation) | rale (crackle)
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| This diagnostic term refers to a strained, high-pitched, relatively loud sound made on inspiration | stridor
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| The process of gas exchange where oxygen is added to the blood and carbon dioxide is removed. The process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing | respiration
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| This diagnostic term refers to a loud, rumbling sound. | ronchi
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| This diagnostic term refers to listening to sounds within the body | auscultation
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| _______are the hair-like projections in the nose | cilia
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| _______are the air-filled cavities that connect with the nasal cavity via small passageways | sinuses
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| The _________also known as the throat is a hollow muscular structure lined with epithelial tissue | pharynx
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| The ______________also known as the voice box is a semi-rigid structure composed of cartilage that is connected by muscles and ligaments | larynx
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| The medical term for a nosebleed | epistaxis
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| The ___________also known as the windpipe | trachea
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| _________is a chronic inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction | asthma
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| _________is the persistent inflammation of the bronchi over a long period of time | chronic bronchitis
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| The incomplete expansion of the alveoli, causing a collapsed, functionless, airless lung is called | atelectasis
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| A pulmonary _______________ is a large collection of pus in the lungs | abscess
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| Formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs is called | pulmonary fibrosis
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| This chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause presents iwth small nodules or tubercles in the lungs, lymph nodes and other organs | sarcoidosis
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| The general term used to describe a lung disease in which the airways become obstructed | COPD
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| _________is the collection of air in the pleural space | pneumothorax
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| An accumulation of fluid in the pleural space is called | pleural effusion
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| A machine used to induce the alternating inflation and deflation of the lungs is called | mechanical ventilation machine
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| A fiberoptic or rigid endoscope that is inserted intot he bronchial tubes for diagnosis, biopsy or the collection of specimens is called | bronchoscopy
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| The surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space is called a | thoracentesis
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| The procedure whereby an opening is created in the trachea is called | tracheostomy
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| A removal of the entire lobe of the lung is called a | lobectomy
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| A___________is performed by entering a chest tube th rough an opening in the skin of the chest to continuously drain pleural effusion | tube thoracostomy
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| A condtion whereby fluid accumulates int he lungs is called | pulmonary edema
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| A blood clot in the lung is known as a | pulmonary embolism (PE)
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| ________is defined as the lung receiving adequate air flow | ventilation
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| ________is defined as the lung receiving adequate blood flow | perfusion
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| The placement of a tube thorugh the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway is called a | endotracheal intubation
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| This disease is characterized by the hyperinflation of the air sacs with sbusequent destruction of the alveolar walls | emphysema
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| An inflammation of the lungs and bronchial tubes that is due to foreign material getting into the lung is called | aspiration pneumonia
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| A mjor surgical incision into the chest is called a | thoracotomy
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| This is a highly contagious disease that is caused by a rod-shaped bacilli (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) | tuberculosis (TB)
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| The test for tuberculosis is called | PPD skin test (purified protein derivative)
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| In order to create a tracheostomy the physician needs to perform an incision into the trachea called | tracheotomy
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| X-ray images are obtained after radiopaque contract is injected intot he pulmonary artery | pulmonary angiography or arteriography
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| Detection device records radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of small amount of radioactive gas (xenon). | ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scanventilation (air flow), perfusion (blood flow)
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| visual examination of the voice box | laryngoscopy
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| ABGs | arterial blood gases
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| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome
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| BAL | bronchioalveolar lavage
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| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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| CXR | chest x-ray (film)
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| DPT | diptheria, pertussis, tetanus
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| LLL | left lower lobe (of lung)
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| LUL | left upper lobe (of lung)
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| PE | pulmonary embolism
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| PFTs | pulmonary function tests
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| RDS | resiratory distress syndrome
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| RLL | right lower lobe
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| RUL | right upper lobe
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| SOB | shortness of breath
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| URI | upper respiratory infection
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| V/Q scan | ventilation-perfusion scan
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| adenoid/o | adenoids
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| alveol/o | alveolus, air sac
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| bronch/obronchi/o | bronchial tube, bronchus
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| bronchiol/o | bronchiole
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| capn/o | carbon dioxide
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| coni/o | dust
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| cyan/o | blue
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| epiglott/o | epiglottis
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| laryng/o | larynx, voice box
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| lob/o | lobe of the lung
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| mediastin/o | mediastinum
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| nas/o | nose
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| orth/o | straight, upright
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| ox/o | oxygen
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| pector/o | chest
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| pharyng/o | pharynx, throat
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| phon/o | voice
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| phren/o | diaphragm
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| pleur/o | pleura
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| pneum/o, pneumon/o | air, lung
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| pulmon/o | lung
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| rhin/o | nose
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| sinus/o | sinus, cavity
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| spir/o | breathing
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| tel/o | complete
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| thorac/o | chest
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| tonsill/o | tonsils
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| trache/o | trachea, windpipe
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| -ema | condition
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| -osmia | smell
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| -pnea | breathing
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| -ptysis | spitting
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| -sphyxia | pulse
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| -thorax | pleural cavity, chest
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