Vocabulary
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| aorta | The largest artery in the body
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| apex of the heart | The lower tip of the heart
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| arteriole | A small artery
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| artery | The largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body
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| atrioventricular bundle ( bundle of His) | Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them
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| atrioventricular node (AV node) | Specialized tissue in the wall between atria; electrical impulses pass from pacemaker through AV node and bundle of His toward ventricles
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| atrium (plural: atria) | One of two upper chambers of the heart
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| capillary | The smallest blood vessel
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| carbon dioxide (CO2) | Waste gas released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to lungs for exhalation
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| coronary arteries | Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
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| deoxygenated blood | Oxygen-poor blood
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| diastole | Relaxation phase of the heartbeat
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| electrocardiogram | Record of the electricity flowing through the heart
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| endothelium | Innermost lining of blood vessels
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| mitral valve | Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; bicuspid valve
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| murmur | Abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of hear valves
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| myocardium | Muscular, middle layer of the heart
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| normal sinus rhythm | Heart rhythm origination in sinoatrial node with resting rate of 60-100 beats/min
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| oxygen | Gas carried by the blood from the lungs to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells
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| pacemaker (sinoatrial node) | Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat
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| pericardium | Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart
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| pulmonary artery | Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs
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| pulmonary vein | Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
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| pulse | The beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries
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| septum (plural: septa) | A partition or wall dividing a cavity, such as that between the right and left aria and right and left ventricles
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| sinoatrial node (SA node) | The pacemaker of the heart
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| sphygmomanometer | An instrument to measure blood pressure
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| systemic circulation | Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and back
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| systole | The contraction phase of the heartbeat
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| tricuspid valve | Located between the right atrium and right ventricle; has three leaflets or cusps
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| valve | A structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so blood flows in only one direction
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| vein | a thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart; contains valves to prevent the backflow of blood
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| vena cava (plural: venae cavae) | The largest vein in the body; superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of heart
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| venule | A small vein
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