From Embryology Chapter 20
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Sequence | A pattern of multiple anomalies derived from a single known or presumed structural defect or mechanical factor.
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| Deformation | A mechanical external forces which acts on the embryo.
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| Diabetes Mellitus | Sirenomelia, Macrosomia, TGA, VSD, TOF, Ebstein's Anomaly, PTA,
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| Diethystilbestrol | Adenocarcinomas of the vagina in later life.
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| Thalidomide | Shortened Limbs, Now useful in HIV, Meromelia, Amelia.
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| Dysplasia | Abnormal cell organization
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| Isotretinoia, Retinoic Acid, Vitamin A | Neuropsychological Impairment, NTD
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| Varicella | Skin Scarring, Muscle Atrophy, Hypoplasia of Limbs
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| PKU | Mental Retardation, IUGR, HLHS, VSD
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| Disruptions | Extrinsic breakdown of, or an interference with, an originally normal developmental process
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| Phenytoin (Dilantin, Novophenytoin) | Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome, IUGR, Microcephaly, Mental Retardation
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| Trimethadone | Pre and Post natal developmental delay, V-shaped eyebrows - Is an Anticonvulsants
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| Warfarin (Coumadin) | Stippled Epiphyses. Use Heparin
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| Rubella | Cataracts, Cardiac, Deafness. Pulmonic Stenosis, PDA.
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| Lithium Carbonate | Epstein's anomaly
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| Malformations | Intrinsically abnormal development process
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| Cytomegalovirus | Brain Calcifications, Deafness, Cerebral Palsy
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| FAS | Smooth Philtrum, Thin Upperlip, Narrow Eyes, VSD
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| Polytopic field defect | Pattern of anomalies derived from the disturbance of a single development field
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| Valporic Acid | NTD
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| Syndrome | A pattern of multiple anomalies thought to be pathogenically related. CHARGE, VACTERL/VATER
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| Aminopterin, Methotrexate | NTD, Folic Acid Antagonist, CNS Malformation.
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| Association | A nonrandom occurrence in 2 or more individuals of multiple anomalies not known to be an other.
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| Tetracycline | Teeth Anomalies
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| Toxoplasmosis gondii | Eyes, Ears, Cerebral Calcifications
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| Streptomycin and Dihydrostrptomycin | Deafness
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| Androgens, Progestogen, Progestins, ethisterone, norethisterone | Masculinization of female gonads.
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