cardiovascular word list
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| Anastomosis | Surgical attachment of one end of a hollow structure to another end.
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| Angina | Intermittent chest pain,usually of short duration.
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| Angiorrhaphy | Suturing of a blood vessel.
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| Aneurysm | A localized,abnormal dilation of a blood vessel,usually an artery,thinning of a blood vessel wall.
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| Aorta | Largest artery in the body which collects blood from from the left ventricle, and delivers it to all parts of the body via smaller arteries.
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| Arrhythmia | Irregularity in the heart action/beat.
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| Artery | Vessel that carries blood from the heart to body tissues and organs. (oxygenated)
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| Arteriole | A small artery.
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| Arteriosclerosis | Abnormal condition of hardening of the arteries.
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| Atherosclerosis | Abnormal condition in which there is a build up of fatty deposits in the arteries.
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| Bicuspid Valve | A valve with two cusps,through which blood passes from the left atrium to the left ventricle. (mitral valve)
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| Blood Pressure | The force exerted by the blood against the arterial walls during the contraction phase and relaxation phase of the heart.
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| Bradycardia | Slow heart beat.
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| Bruit | A soft blowing sound heard on auscultation. (murmur)
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| Bundle of His | Specialized muscle fibres in the wall between the ventricles that carry the electric impulses to the ventricles.
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| Capillaries | Microscpoic blood vessels connecting arterioles and venules.
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| Cardiac Catheterization | Test which helps to assess the heart,major coronary vessels,valves and septum. Involves a catheter being inserted into the right side of the heart through an arm or leg.
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| Cardiomegaly | Enlargement of the heart.
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| Cardiomyopathy | Any disease of the heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function (caused by viral infections and metabolic disorders).
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| Cardiovascular System | System composed of the heart,blood vessels and their function within the body.
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| Cardioversion | Conversion of a cardiac arrhythmia to normal sinus rhythm by the use of a device called a defibrillator. Applying controlled electrical shock to the exterior of the chest.
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| Carditis | Inflammation of the heart.
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| CCU | Coronary Care Unit.
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| Conductive Tissue | Highly specialized cardiac tissue which initiates and continues contraction impluses.
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| Congenital Septal Defect | Small hole(s) within the atrial or ventricular septums,which is present at birth.
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| Congestive Heart Failure(CHF) | Failure of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the tissues and organs.
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| Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) | Any disease which alters the ability of the coronary artery to deliver the amount of blood that is required by the heart muscle.
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| Diaphoresis | Profuse sweating.
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| Diastole | The relaxation phase of the heart.
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| Dyspnea | Difficult breathing.
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| Echocardiography | Examination which uses ultrasound to provide assessment of the structures and function of the heart.
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| Electrocardiogram | A graphic record of the electrical impulses generated by the conduction system of the heart.
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| Embolus | A thrombus which has broken loose from the vein wall and begun to travel through the vascular system.
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| Endocardium | Innermost layer of the heart.
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| Epicardium | Outermost layer of the heart.
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| Fibrillation | Quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, causing ineffectual cardiac contractions.
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| Heart | A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood through the arteries, cappillaries, and veins.
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| Holter Monitor | A small, portable ECG monitor that assesses heart and pulse action as the patient engages in daily activities. 24-48 hr of ECG/EKG Tracing.
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| Hypertension | Elevated (high) blood pressure.
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| Infarct | Area of tissue that undergoes necrosis after cessation of blood supply.
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| Inferior Vena Cava | Large vein which collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the lower portion of the body and enters the right atrium.
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| Insufficiency | Inability of valves to close properly.
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| Ischemia | Lack of oxygen or blood to body tissues. Local and temperary deficiency of blood supply.
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| Left Atrium | Chamber which receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
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| Left Ventricle | Chamber which pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta.
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| Ligated | Tied.
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| Myocardial Infarction | Life threatening condition characterized by necrosis in the myocardium due to lack of oxygen. Circulator blockage.
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| Myocardium | Musclar layer of the heart.
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| Necrosis | Destruction (death) of tissue.
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| Pacemaker | An electrical device that controls the beating of the heart by rhythmic series of electrical dischages.
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| Pallor | Paleness.
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| Pericardium | Fibrous sac which encloses the heart.
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| Phlebitis | Inflammation of a vein.
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| Pulmonary Artery | Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
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| Pulmonary Vein | Carries oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs.
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| Pulmonary Semilunar Valve | Prevents the backflow of blood into the right ventricle.
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| Purkinje Fibers | Extend up the walls of the ventricles and transmit electrical impluses to both ventricles, causing them to contract.
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| Right Atrium | Chamber which collects deoxygenated blood from the body.
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| Right Ventricle | Chamber which pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
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| Septum | Muscular wall which divides the right and left sides of the heart.
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| Shunt | A passage between two blood vessels or between two sides of the heart.
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| Sphygmomanometer | Instrument for measuring blood pressure.
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| Stenosis | Narrowing.
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| Stress/Exercise Testing | Measures the efficiency of the heart during a period when it is subjected to predetermined exercises (treadmill or bicycle).
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| Stripped | Removed.
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| Superior Vena Cava | Large vein which collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the top portion of the body and enters the right atrium.
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| Systole | The contract phase of the heart.
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| Tachycardia | Rapid heart action.
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| Thromophlebitis | Inflammation of a vein wall, which may cause clots to form.
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| Thrombosis | Abnormal condition of a blood clot in the blood vessel.
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| Thrombus | A blood clot that obstructes a vessel. Becomes embolus if moves from location.
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| Tricuspid Valve | A valve with three cusps, located between the right atrium and right ventricle, which allows blood to pass into the right ventricle.
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| Varicose Veins | Condition which develops when the valves of the veins are damaged. Characterized by enlarged veins and edema of the surrounding tissues.
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| Vasodilator | Medication used to expand blood vessels; especially in the treatment of angina and hypertension.
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| Vein | A vessel that carries blood to the heart from the body organs and tissues. (deoxygenated)
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| Venule | A small vein.
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