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Lymphatic System

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Term
Definition
what are the 3 important functions of the lymphatic system   show
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show self  
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-gen   show
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humor-   show
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immun-   show
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inflamm-   show
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nod-   show
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patho-   show
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show microscopic, closed-ended tubes  
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The walls of lymphatic capillaries are formed from   show
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lymph   show
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The size of the lymphatic pathway small to large   show
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show an endothelial lining, a middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic fibers, and an outer layer of connective tissue  
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show which help prevent backflow of lymph  
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lymph nodes   show
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lymphatic trunks   show
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show drains lymph from the lower limbs, lower abdominal wall, and pelvic organs  
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show drains the abdominal viscera  
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intercostal and bronchomediastinal trunks   show
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show drains upper limbs  
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jugular trunk   show
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collecting ducts   show
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show wider and longer of the two collecting ducts. It originates as an enlarged sac, the cisterna chyli  
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thoracic duct drains lymph from   show
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show the left subclavian vein near its junction with the left jugular vein.  
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show right thorax at the union of the right jugular, right subclavian, and right bronchomediastinal trunks.  
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show right subclavian vein near its junction with the right jugular vein.  
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show the right side of the head and neck, the right upper limb, and the right thorax  
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show it enters the venous system and becomes part of the plasma just before blood returns to the right atrium.  
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show filters water and small molecules from the plasma  
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plasma colloid osmotic pressure   show
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show The accumulation of tissue fluid increasing the tissue fluid hydrostatic pressure, the force which moves tissue fluid into lymphatic capillaries, forming lymph  
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show contracting skeletal muscles in the limbs, contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the larger lymphatic trunks, and pressure changes from the action of skeletal muscles used in breathing.  
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show during exercise, due to the actions of skeletal muscles and pressure changes associated with breathing.  
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show venous  
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show The unencapsulated diffuse lymphatic tissue associated with the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts  
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lymphatic nodules   show
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lymphatic nodules comprise   show
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What are the lymphatic organs, including the lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen made of?   show
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show indented region of the lymph node where blood vessels and nerves join a lymph node  
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show enter separately at various points on its convex surface  
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show hilum  
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lymphatic nodules/lymphatic follicles   show
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what are contained within lymphatic nodules   show
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show germinal centers within lymphatic nodules  
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show T cells (T lymphocyte)  
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show Spaces in a lymph node that provide a complex network of chambers and channels through which lymph circulates  
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show drain the skin of the scalp and face, as well as the tissues of the nasal cavity and pharynx.  
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show drain the upper limbs, the wall of the thorax, the mammary glands (breasts), and the upper wall of the abdomen.  
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show located superficially on the medial side of the elbow, enlarge in children in response to infections acquired through cuts and scrapes on the hands.  
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show lymph from the lower limbs, the external genitalia, and the lower abdominal wall.  
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pelvic cavity lymph nodes   show
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The lymph nodes in the abdominal cavity   show
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The lymph nodes in the thoracic cavity   show
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Thymus   show
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where is the thymus?   show
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show spleen  
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where is spleen located   show
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the venous sinuses in the spleen are filled with ___ instead of lymph?   show
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White pulp of spleen   show
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Red pulp of spleen   show
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show Blood/lymph  
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what are the 3 cell types within lymphatic tissue   show
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where are lymph nodes generally located   show
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what structures lack lymph nodes?   show
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show disease causing agents  
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Pathogens include:   show
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Viruses are pathogens, but they are not considered organisms, because   show
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innate defense   show
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show species resistance, mechanical barriers, inflammation, chemical barriers (enzyme action, interferon, and complement), natural killer cells, phagocytosis, and fever.  
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show these protective mechanisms are very precise, targeting specific pathogens  
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show more directed responses are carried out by specialized lymphocytes that recognize foreign molecules (nonself antigens) in the body and act against them.  
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innate defense responds   show
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adaptive defense responds   show
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show species may be resistant to diseases that affect other species.  
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show The skin and mucous membranes lining the passageways of the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems that prevent the entrance of some infectious agents and provide a first line of defense  
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show white blood cells, bacterial cells, and damaged tissue  
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show These fluids contain fibrinogen and other clotting factors that may stimulate formation of a network of fibrin threads in the affected region  
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chemical barriers   show
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show are proteins that lymphocytes and fibroblasts produce in response to viruses or tumor cells, stimulate phagocytosis and enhance the activity of other cells that help to resist infections and the growth of tumors.  
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show peptides produced by neutrophils and other types of granular white blood cells in the intestinal epithelium, the urogenital tract, the kidneys, and the skin, make holes in bacterial cell walls and membranes, crippling the microbes.  
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collectins   show
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show proteins (complement system), in plasma and other body fluids, that interact in an expanding series of reactions or cascade.  
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show rapid complement activation when a complement protein binds to an antibody attached to its specific antigen  
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show slower complement activation triggered by exposure to foreign antigens, in the absence of antibodies.  
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show small population of lymphocytes that are distinctly different from the lymphocytes that provide adaptive defense mechanisms, secrete perforins.  
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show secretions from NK cells, cytolytic (“cell-cutting”) substances that lyse the cell membrane, destroying the infected cell .  
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show neutrophils and monocytes  
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show smaller particles  
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monocytes phagocytize   show
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interleukin-1 (IL-1)   show
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antigens may be   show
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The antigens most effective in eliciting an immune response are   show
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hapten   show
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show 70/80 vs 20/30  
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show processed fragments of the antigen be attached to the surface of another type of cell, called an antigen-presenting cell  
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cellular immune response   show
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show polypeptides synthesized and secreted by T cells and some macrophages that enhance certain cellular responses to antigens  
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what other substances do T cells secrete?   show
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helper T cell   show
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show the type that HIV targets, is responsible for stimulating Bcells to aid immunity  
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show bind to the surfaces of antigen-bearing cells, where they release perforin protein that cuts porelike openings, destroying these cells, ontinually monitor the body’s cells, recognizing and eliminating tumor cells and cells infected with viruses.  
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CD8/memory T cells   show
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antibody titer   show
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