(Week 4)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| The four suprahyoid muscles are: | digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid
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| Digastric O.I.A. | O: lower mandible & mastoid process of temporal bone
I: hyoid bone
A: elevates hyoid bone
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| Stylohyoid O.I.A. | O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: hyoid bone
A: elevates hyoid bone
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| Mylohyoid O.I.A. | O: medial surface of mandible
I: hyoid bone
A: elevates hyoid bone
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| Geniohyoid O.I.A. | O: inner surface of mandibular symphysis
I: hyoid bone
A: elevates hyoid bone
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| The _______ consists of four deep throat muscles that form the floor of the oral cavity, anchor the tongue, elevate the hyoid, and move the larynx superiorly during swallowing. | suprahyoid
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| The _______ consists of four strap-like muscles that depress the hyoid and larynx during swallowing and speaking. | infrahyoid
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| The four infrahyoid muscles are: | sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid
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| Sternohyoid O.I.A. | O: manubrium and medial end of clavical
I: lower margin hyoid
A: depresses hyoid bone
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| Sternothyroid O.I.A. | O: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
I: thyroid cartilage
A: depresses hyoid bone via thyroid
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| Omohyoid O.I.A. | O: superior surface of scapula
I: lower border of hyoid
A: depresses hyoid bone
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| Thyrohyoid O.I.A. | O: thyroid cartilage
I: hyoid bone
A: depresses hyoid bone
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| The major head flexor is the _______. | sternocleidomastoid
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| Synergists to head flexion are the _______ and _______. | suprahyoid, infrahyoid
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| Lateral head movements are acomplished by the _______ and _______ muscles. | sternocleidomastoid, scalene
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| Head extension is accomplished by the deep _______ muscles and aided by the superficial _______. | splenius, trapezius
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| The four deep neck flexors are: | longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis
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| Sternocleidomastoid O.I.A. | O: manubrium & medial clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of Occ
A: bilat: prime mover of neck flexion, Unilat: ipsilat lat flex, contralat rotation
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| The three scalene muscles are: | anterior scalene, middle scalene, posterior scalene
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| Anterior Scalene O.I.A. | O: TP C3-6
I: 1st rib
A: Bilat: elevates ribs 1-2 accessory respiratory muscle, Unilat: ipsilat lat flex and rotation
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| Middle Scalene O.I.A. | O: TP C2-7
I: 1st rib
A: Bilat: elevates ribs 1-2 accessory respiratory muscle, Unilat: ipsilat lat flex and rotation
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| Posterior Scalene O.I.A. | O: TP C5-7
I: 2nd rib
A: Bilat: elevates ribs 1-2 accessory respiratory muscle, Unilat: ipsilat lat flex and rotation
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| The prime mover of back extension is the _______ _______. | erector spinae
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| The three erector spinae muscles are: | Iliocostalis, Longisimus, Spinalis
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| Splenius capitis & cervicis O.I.A. | O: ligamentum nuchae, SP of C7-T6
I: mastoid process of temporal bone (capitus), TP of C2-4 (cervicis)
A: bilat: act as a group to extend head, Unilat: ipsilateral rotation & lateral flexion
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| The three parts of iliocostalis are: | lumborum, thoracis, cervicis
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| The three parts of longisimus are: | thoracis, cervicis, capitus
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| The two parts of spinalis are: | thoracis, cervicis
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| Iliocostalis O.I.A. | O: Lumborum - Iliac crest & thoracolumbar fascial, Thoracis - lower 6 ribs, Cervicis - ribs 3-6
I: Lumborum & Thoracis - ribs
Cervicis - TPs of C4-6
A: extend spine & maintain posture, ipsilateral lateral flexion
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| Longisimus O.I.A. | O: TPs (lumbar, thoracic, and cervical)
I: TPs (of thoracic and cervical and ribs), capitus inserts into mastoid
A: extend spine & head & maintain posture, ipsilateral lateral flexion
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| Spinalis O.I.A. | O: SPs (of upper lumbar and lower thoracic)
I: SPs (of upper thoracic and lover cervical)
A: extends spine
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| The three parts of semispinalis are: | thoracis, cervicis, capitis
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| Semispinalis O.I.A. | O: TPs (C7-T12)
I: SPs thoracic and cervical, occiput
A: extens spine (if unilat: contalat rotation & synergist of scm)
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| Quadratus Lumborum O.I.A. | O: iliac cresta & lumbar fascia
I: TPs L1-3 & margin of 12th rib
A: Extend spine & maintain posture, unilat: ipsilateral lateral flexion
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| The four short muscles that extend from one vertebra to another (deep layer), and are synergists in extension and rotation of the spine are: | intertraversarius (between TPs)
rotatores longus & brevis (from TP to SP)
multifidus (from lamina to SP)
Interspinalis (from SP to SP)
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| The primary function of deep thoracic muscles is to promote _______ for _______. | movement, breathing
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| External Intercostals O.I.A. | O: inferior border of rib above
I: superior border of rib below
A: inspiration - elevation of ribs
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| Internal Intercostals O.I.A. | O: superior border of rib above
I: inferior border of rib below
A: expiration - depression of ribs
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| The most important muscle of respiration is the _______. | diaphragm
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| Diaphragm O.I.A. | O: inferior, internal surface of rib cage and sternum, costal cartilage of ribs (5)6-10, bodies of most lumbar vertebrae
I: central tendon inserts into itself
A: prime mover of respiration
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| The diaphragm _______ on contraction. | flattens
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| Upon _______, a strong contraction of the diaphragm increases intrabdominal pressure. | inspiration
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| The four paired muscles of the abdominal wall are: | internal obliques, external obliques, transversus abdominis, and rectus abdominis
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| Rectus Abdominis O.I.A. | O: pubic crest & symphysis
I: xiphoid process, costal cartilage ribs 5-7
A: flex and rotate lumbar region, stabilize trunk, increase abdominal pressure
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| External Oblique O.I.A. | O: outer surface lower 8 ribs
I: via aponeurosis linea alba, pubic crest & tubercle, iliac crest
A: bilat: contraction - assists rectus, Unilat: contraction - contralat trunk rotation and ipsilat lateral flexion
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| Internal Oblique O.I.A. | O: lumbar fascia, iliac crest & linguinal ligament
I: Linea alba, pubic crest last 3-4 ribs & costal margin
A: bilat: contraction - assists rectus, Unilat: contraction - ipsilateral trunk rotation & lateral flexion
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| Transversus Abdominis O.I.A. | O: inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia, cartilage last 6 ribs & iliac crest
I: linea alba & pubic crest
A: compresses abdominal contents, stabilizes trunk
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| The _______ _______ muscle fibers run inferior and medial ("hands in pocket"). | external oblique
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| The _______ _______ muscle fibers run perpendicular to external oblique muscle fibers. | internal oblique
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