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Anat1 - Neck/Trunk
(Week 4)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The four suprahyoid muscles are: | digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid |
| Digastric O.I.A. | O: lower mandible & mastoid process of temporal bone I: hyoid bone A: elevates hyoid bone |
| Stylohyoid O.I.A. | O: styloid process of temporal bone I: hyoid bone A: elevates hyoid bone |
| Mylohyoid O.I.A. | O: medial surface of mandible I: hyoid bone A: elevates hyoid bone |
| Geniohyoid O.I.A. | O: inner surface of mandibular symphysis I: hyoid bone A: elevates hyoid bone |
| The _______ consists of four deep throat muscles that form the floor of the oral cavity, anchor the tongue, elevate the hyoid, and move the larynx superiorly during swallowing. | suprahyoid |
| The _______ consists of four strap-like muscles that depress the hyoid and larynx during swallowing and speaking. | infrahyoid |
| The four infrahyoid muscles are: | sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid |
| Sternohyoid O.I.A. | O: manubrium and medial end of clavical I: lower margin hyoid A: depresses hyoid bone |
| Sternothyroid O.I.A. | O: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum I: thyroid cartilage A: depresses hyoid bone via thyroid |
| Omohyoid O.I.A. | O: superior surface of scapula I: lower border of hyoid A: depresses hyoid bone |
| Thyrohyoid O.I.A. | O: thyroid cartilage I: hyoid bone A: depresses hyoid bone |
| The major head flexor is the _______. | sternocleidomastoid |
| Synergists to head flexion are the _______ and _______. | suprahyoid, infrahyoid |
| Lateral head movements are acomplished by the _______ and _______ muscles. | sternocleidomastoid, scalene |
| Head extension is accomplished by the deep _______ muscles and aided by the superficial _______. | splenius, trapezius |
| The four deep neck flexors are: | longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis |
| Sternocleidomastoid O.I.A. | O: manubrium & medial clavicle I: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of Occ A: bilat: prime mover of neck flexion, Unilat: ipsilat lat flex, contralat rotation |
| The three scalene muscles are: | anterior scalene, middle scalene, posterior scalene |
| Anterior Scalene O.I.A. | O: TP C3-6 I: 1st rib A: Bilat: elevates ribs 1-2 accessory respiratory muscle, Unilat: ipsilat lat flex and rotation |
| Middle Scalene O.I.A. | O: TP C2-7 I: 1st rib A: Bilat: elevates ribs 1-2 accessory respiratory muscle, Unilat: ipsilat lat flex and rotation |
| Posterior Scalene O.I.A. | O: TP C5-7 I: 2nd rib A: Bilat: elevates ribs 1-2 accessory respiratory muscle, Unilat: ipsilat lat flex and rotation |
| The prime mover of back extension is the _______ _______. | erector spinae |
| The three erector spinae muscles are: | Iliocostalis, Longisimus, Spinalis |
| Splenius capitis & cervicis O.I.A. | O: ligamentum nuchae, SP of C7-T6 I: mastoid process of temporal bone (capitus), TP of C2-4 (cervicis) A: bilat: act as a group to extend head, Unilat: ipsilateral rotation & lateral flexion |
| The three parts of iliocostalis are: | lumborum, thoracis, cervicis |
| The three parts of longisimus are: | thoracis, cervicis, capitus |
| The two parts of spinalis are: | thoracis, cervicis |
| Iliocostalis O.I.A. | O: Lumborum - Iliac crest & thoracolumbar fascial, Thoracis - lower 6 ribs, Cervicis - ribs 3-6 I: Lumborum & Thoracis - ribs Cervicis - TPs of C4-6 A: extend spine & maintain posture, ipsilateral lateral flexion |
| Longisimus O.I.A. | O: TPs (lumbar, thoracic, and cervical) I: TPs (of thoracic and cervical and ribs), capitus inserts into mastoid A: extend spine & head & maintain posture, ipsilateral lateral flexion |
| Spinalis O.I.A. | O: SPs (of upper lumbar and lower thoracic) I: SPs (of upper thoracic and lover cervical) A: extends spine |
| The three parts of semispinalis are: | thoracis, cervicis, capitis |
| Semispinalis O.I.A. | O: TPs (C7-T12) I: SPs thoracic and cervical, occiput A: extens spine (if unilat: contalat rotation & synergist of scm) |
| Quadratus Lumborum O.I.A. | O: iliac cresta & lumbar fascia I: TPs L1-3 & margin of 12th rib A: Extend spine & maintain posture, unilat: ipsilateral lateral flexion |
| The four short muscles that extend from one vertebra to another (deep layer), and are synergists in extension and rotation of the spine are: | intertraversarius (between TPs) rotatores longus & brevis (from TP to SP) multifidus (from lamina to SP) Interspinalis (from SP to SP) |
| The primary function of deep thoracic muscles is to promote _______ for _______. | movement, breathing |
| External Intercostals O.I.A. | O: inferior border of rib above I: superior border of rib below A: inspiration - elevation of ribs |
| Internal Intercostals O.I.A. | O: superior border of rib above I: inferior border of rib below A: expiration - depression of ribs |
| The most important muscle of respiration is the _______. | diaphragm |
| Diaphragm O.I.A. | O: inferior, internal surface of rib cage and sternum, costal cartilage of ribs (5)6-10, bodies of most lumbar vertebrae I: central tendon inserts into itself A: prime mover of respiration |
| The diaphragm _______ on contraction. | flattens |
| Upon _______, a strong contraction of the diaphragm increases intrabdominal pressure. | inspiration |
| The four paired muscles of the abdominal wall are: | internal obliques, external obliques, transversus abdominis, and rectus abdominis |
| Rectus Abdominis O.I.A. | O: pubic crest & symphysis I: xiphoid process, costal cartilage ribs 5-7 A: flex and rotate lumbar region, stabilize trunk, increase abdominal pressure |
| External Oblique O.I.A. | O: outer surface lower 8 ribs I: via aponeurosis linea alba, pubic crest & tubercle, iliac crest A: bilat: contraction - assists rectus, Unilat: contraction - contralat trunk rotation and ipsilat lateral flexion |
| Internal Oblique O.I.A. | O: lumbar fascia, iliac crest & linguinal ligament I: Linea alba, pubic crest last 3-4 ribs & costal margin A: bilat: contraction - assists rectus, Unilat: contraction - ipsilateral trunk rotation & lateral flexion |
| Transversus Abdominis O.I.A. | O: inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia, cartilage last 6 ribs & iliac crest I: linea alba & pubic crest A: compresses abdominal contents, stabilizes trunk |
| The _______ _______ muscle fibers run inferior and medial ("hands in pocket"). | external oblique |
| The _______ _______ muscle fibers run perpendicular to external oblique muscle fibers. | internal oblique |
Created by:
sdouglass
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