Medical Coding Lesson 09 - Digestive and Endocrine Systems
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Achalasia | The failure of a muscle fiber ring (for example, a sphincter) to relax.
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| Anal fistula | A channel or tract that develops during inflammation or infection (usually goes from the rectum to an opening in the skin around the anus)
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| Anorexia | Loss of appetite
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| Aphthous stomatitis | Often called a canker sore, this is a sore in the patient's mouth that usually appears between the gum and the cheek.
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| Biliary atresia | The absence or closure of ducts that drain bile from the liver.
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| Borborygmus | The rumbling noise produced by gas moving through the intestines.
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| Buccal mucosa | The inner lining of the cheeks and lips.
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| Cholangiectasis | Dilation of a bile duct.
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| Deglutition | The process of swallowing.
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| Diverticulum | A pouch or sac in the lining of a hollow organ (for example, in the intestine).
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| Dysphagia | Difficulty swallowing.
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| EGJ (Esophagogastric junction) or GE junction (Gastroesophageal junction) | The place where the esophagus meets the stomach.
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| Esophageal varices | Dilated blood vessels within the walls of the esophagus.
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| Hematemesis | Vomiting blood.
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| Hemostasis | The stoppage of blood flow.
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| Hepatosplenomegaly | Enlargement of the liver and spleen.
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| Intussusception | The folding of one part of the intestine onto another.
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| Jaundice | Yellowish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes caused by bile salt deposits.
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| McBurney | Point The most tender area of the patient's abdomen in early appendicitis.
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| Parenteral | Entering the body (as in nutrition) by means other than the alimentary tract.
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| Postprandial | After eating.
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| Succussion splash | The sound heard by shaking an individual with free fluid, air, or gas in a hollow organ or cavity.
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| Appendectomy | Removal of the appendix.
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| Billroth's gastrectomy | Removal of lower part of the stomach with end-to-end anastomosis of the remaining stomach to the duodenum.
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| Billroth I anastomosis | Anastomosis made directly to the duodenum.
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| Billroth II anastomosis | Anastomosis made to the jejunum.
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| Cheilostomatoplasty | Plastic surgery restoration of the mouth and lips.
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| Cholecystectomy | Removal of the gallbladder.
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| Choledochotomy | Incision into the common bile duct.
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| Colonoscopy | Endoscopy visualizing the large intestine from the rectum to the lower end of the small intestine.
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| EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy) | Also known as an upper endoscopy, this endoscopic evaluation allows the doctor to view the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum.
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| ERCP (Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) | An endoscopic procedure that allows the doctor to view the pancreatic and bile ducts, and also allows for the removal of bile duct stones.
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| Hartmann's | Procedure Resection of rectal cancer with permanent colostomy.
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| Herniorrhaphy | Repair of a hernia.
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| PEG (Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy) | The opening of a stoma through the skin and directly into the stomach. The doctor can then place a PEG tube in the patient for infusing nutrition.
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| Roux-en-Y | A Y-shaped anastomosis that includes the small intestine. This procedure has gained fame lately because it's the procedure doctors use for gastric bypass surgery.
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| Whipple | Also called pancreaticoduodenectomy, it's the removal of the gallbladder, common bile duct, part of the duodenum, and the head of the pancreas. Doctors use it to treat extensive digestive system cancers.
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| Acromegaly | Overactive pituitary gland causes enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw.
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| Aldosteronism | Excessive secretion of aldosterone causing weakness, high blood pressure, and other cardiac problems.
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| Cushing's syndrome | Increased production of ACTH causing a syndrome characterized by obesity and weakened muscles.
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| Dwarfism | Pathological condition of arrested growth.
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| Gigantism | Excessive growth of the body or any of its parts as a result of oversecretion of the pituitary gland.
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| Gastrin | Hormone secreted in the stomach that stimulates production of gastric juice.
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| Glucagon | Hormone produced by the pancreas that stimulates an increase in blood sugar.
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| Goite | Enlargement of the thyroid gland, visible as a swelling in the neck, often from insufficient intake of iodine.
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| Hyperosmolarity | Increase in the concentration of a fluid, occurring in dehydration.
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| Hyperthyroidism | Excessive production of thyroid hormones.
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| Hypoinsulinemia | Abnormally low concentration of insulin in blood.
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| Hypothyroidism | Insufficient production of thyroid hormones.
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| Iatrogenic | Induced by therapy, especially infection or complication of a treatment.
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| Panhypopituitarism | Inadequate secretion of the anterior pituitary because of destruction of the gland.
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| Ketoacidosis | Abnormal increase in body fluid acidity caused by increased production of ketone bodies.
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| Thyroid storm | Sudden life-threatening worsening of symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
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| Thyroiditis | Inflammation of the thyroid gland.
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